expo/expoweb
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://expo.survex.com/repositories/expoweb/.git/ synced 2025-03-22 10:11:55 +00:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

[svn r5799] All XHTML 1.0 compliant and rather more up-to-date in content than they once were.

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
dl267 2004-04-22 22:43:17 +02:00
parent 2bea567832
commit c732f2a436
15 changed files with 627 additions and 1240 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

4
handbook/plus.htm
View File

@ -41,9 +41,7 @@ years, there have been separate survey books for Kaninchenhöhle and
for everything else. The latter are relevant here and are referred to as,
for example "not KH 1996 p 5", meaning page 5 of the not-Kaninchenhöhle
survey book for 1996. Most of the contents of the survey books ends up in
Survex files, and is not included on the website, so there is no link,
though there is an <a href="survey/svindx.htm">index</a> to the survex
files.</p>
Survex files, and is not included on the website.</p>
<table class="trad">
<caption>Caves found unmarked or marked "+", locations known</caption>

147
handbook/survey/athome.htm
View File

@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: In the UK</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
In the UK</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>In the UK</h1>
<p>In an ideal world, we would have a beautifully drawn up survey and
detailed guidebook descriptions of everything ready to show at the BCRA
@ -17,101 +17,90 @@ struggle to get these before next expedition ! Life is made particularly
difficult when bits of data and description arrive in dribs and drabs,
meaning a lot of piecemeal updating. By the time the majority of expo members
are back in Cambridge, it is at least two months since the return home, all
urgency has been lost and memories have faded. To avoid this, <b>think</b>:
urgency has been lost and memories have faded. To avoid this, <b>think</b>:</p>
<p>Did you have to leave Austria without finishing your sketching ? Use the
post or visit Cambridge ! Get hold of a centre line and draw up your survey
post or visit Cambridge! Get hold of a centre line and draw up your survey
as soon as possible - don't leave it to the start of next term when your
memory will have faded.
memory will have faded. Some entirely nonsensical surveys <!-- the top of Kiwi
Suit in the 2002 drawn up survey --> have been produced by surveys being drawn
up by people other than the original explorers, in the pub, several months
later</p>
<p>Have you written a passage description ? If not, do it when you get home.
If you can type it, so much the better, email it to
Andy Waddington <b>&lt;austria&gt; at pennine.demon.co.uk</b>
and to
Wookey <b>&lt;wookey&gt; at aleph1.co.uk</b> and
anyone else who may have been there. Failing that, send a disc to Andy or
Wookey (someone with email, at least) or whoever is in Cambridge doing the
drawing up. If you have to write it on paper, photocopy it, send a copy to
whoever has the survey book (to glue in) and to someone else who will take
the trouble to type it up and circulate it.
If you can type it, so much the better, email it to any or preferably all of
Martin Green <b>&lt;mjg54&gt; at cam.ac.uk</b>, Mark Shinwell <b>&lt;mrs30&gt; at cam.ac.uk</b>,
David Loeffler <b>&lt;dl267&gt; at cam.ac.uk</b>, Wookey <b>&lt;wookey&gt; at aleph1.co.uk</b> and
anyone else relevant.
Failing that, send a disc to one of the above people (someone with email, at
least) or whoever is in Cambridge doing the drawing up. If you have to write it
on paper, photocopy it, send a copy to whoever has the survey book (to glue in)
and to someone else who will take the trouble to type it up and circulate it.</p>
<p>Have you got the survey book or the log book ? Photocopy it so there is a
back up and get copies to other addresses before your house burns down. Get
copies (or the original) to Andy, Wookey, whoever is doing the drawing up, or
anyone who will volunteer to type in the logbook or cave descriptions.
anyone who will volunteer to type in the logbook or cave descriptions.</p>
<p>Have you got some good (even recognisable...) photographs ? Offer them
to whoever is doing the BCRA lecture. Try to get them scanned and send
jpegs to Andy, or even better, let Andy have 35mm negatives (not the
prints) or slides to scan - he now has a Nikon scanner which does even
better than the Photo-CD resolution used for the 1996 images..
better than the Photo-CD resolution used for the 1996 images..</p>
<p>Have you some unique experience or amusing anecdote ? Write an article
for the exCS/CUCC mailing list, for the web site and/or the journal.
<p>Have you some unique experience or amusing anecdote? Write an article
for the exCS/CUCC mailing list, for the web site and/or the journal.</p>
<p>Is the only copy of the survey data on your computer ? Get it backed up,
preferably including copies to other people involved. Version control may
be a pain, but multiple disc failures have caused total loss of the
Kaninchenh&ouml;hle dataset once already, and backup to another site
saves almost infinite grief.
preferably including copies to other people involved. Multiple disc failures
have caused total loss of the Kaninchenh&ouml;hle dataset once already, and
backup to another site saves almost infinite grief.</p>
<p>Have you got the <b>only</b> copy of <i>anything</i> else ? Make backups
and distribute them <b>now!</b>
and distribute them <b>now!</b></p>
<p>Are you a complete computer nerd with too much spare time ? Incorporate
all of the above into the web site :-)
all of the above into the web site :-)</p>
<!-- If you've really got too much time on your hands: grovel through a
handbook written five years ago by two beardy old lags which hasn't been edited
since, update it all to be relevant to the current situation on the ground (or
under it), and update the whole lot so it's consistent with current XHTML
standards. While you should be revising for your exams. I ought to get 'mug'
tattooed across my forehead. DL 2004.04.22. -->
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
Further Reading:
<a href="../../../jnl/1985/survey.htm">Survey Draughtsmanship</a>
(CU 1985)<br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

123
handbook/survey/drawup.htm
View File

@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Drawing Up</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
At Base Camp</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Drawing up your survey</h1>
<p>The original notes and sketches should be filed in a clearly marked
envelope - don't take them out until you are ready to draw up, and put them
away again as soon as you have finished. They may never be referred to again,
but ultimately they are the most valuable record of your survey and are kept
for reference if there is ever a problem.
for reference if there is ever a problem.</p>
<p>Take the printed centre lines and redraw the survey round it, working from
the original sketches as if this was to be the final published survey. You
can "invent" details like boulders in boulder-strewn passage, but otherwise,
draw only what was recorded faithfully in the cave. If this makes your
drawing look bad - record more next time ! If things really are unclear,
consider taking a copy of this drawing back into the cave to clarify it.
drawing look bad - record more next time! If things really are unclear,
consider taking a copy of this drawing back into the cave to clarify it.</p>
<p>Make sure the drawing clearly shows the point of connection to previous
surveys (look at the relevant drawing in the old survey book to ensure the
@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ sketches match and you really have connected where you think). Make sure you
note which Question Mark was addressed by this survey and show the location
of any new question marks, with an estimate of quality and any difficulties
which will be encountered (eg. if it is a climb, are bolts going to be
needed ? If a dig, is it a few loose boulders or a crawl over mud ?)
needed ? If a dig, is it a few loose boulders or a crawl over mud?)</p>
<p>CUCC use a set of symbols pretty close to the standard ones promulgated
by the BCRA, with occasional differences - such as large-enough boulders
@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ be using where possible) has been documented by
Weidmann and Ruder (1996)</a>, but this is up for discussion in 1997.
An alternative set of standards can be seen from the
Australian Speleological Federation
<a href="http://rubens.its.unimelb.edu.au/~pgm/asf/stdsurv.html">here</a>.
<a href="http://rubens.its.unimelb.edu.au/~pgm/asf/stdsurv.html">here</a>.</p>
<p>Make sure that you draw both plan and elevation (the latter should be an
extended section, rather than a projected elevation) for horizontal passage.
For pitches, several plans at different levels may be easiest (rather like
the cross sections at each survey station used in horizontal passage). Also
projected elevations may be useful in addition to the extended section.
projected elevations may be useful in addition to the extended section.</p>
<p>Write a <b>passage description</b>. This should be detailed enough to be
followed by someone in the cave who hasn't been there before, and should
@ -54,9 +54,9 @@ include all passage names, lengths of pitches and climbs, compass directions
when this makes left/right/ahead clearer. If your passage is a connection
it is worth while writing descriptions from both directions. It will be
regarded as helpful if you actually type this description into a computer
rather than writing in the survey book - but make sure it can be found again!
In written descriptions, underline passage names the first time they are
mentioned, or when they are "defined".
rather than writing in the log book - but make sure it can be found again! In
written descriptions, underline passage names the first time they are
mentioned, or when they are "defined".</p>
<p>Complementing the passage description in vertical bits is a <b>Rigging
Guide</b>. This is usually easiest to do as a sketch, but include notes to
@ -65,63 +65,50 @@ Ideally, the knots should be left in ropes removed at derigging, so they can
be <b>measured</b> for the rigging guide. Remember to do this before undoing
the knots for rope-washing. Although a good survey and details of the belays
can be used to estimate the length of rope needed, this is no substitute for
measuring how much rope it actually took to rig !
measuring how much rope it actually took to rig!</p>
<p>If you did all that properly, there should be very little left to do in
the UK, unless you have volunteered to help with drawing up the final survey.
However, it is as well to check that you have done all you can before BCRA
conference, by reading the <a href="athome.htm">Back in the UK</a> page.
(Fool!) However, it is as well to check that you have done all you can before
BCRA conference, by reading the <a href="athome.htm">Back in the UK</a> page.</p>
<!-- This looks like a rather hollow joke in the context of the last year's
experience: it's now late April 2004, and the 204 survey is only just
approaching completion. This shows how easy it is for these things to go wrong.
The chief problems were a change of software and the fact that the Expo printer
broke down last summer, so a number of surveys never got drawn up. -->
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
Further Reading:
<a href="../../../jnl/1985/survey.htm">Survey Draughtsmanship</a>
(CU 1985)<br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Back <a href="athome.htm">in the UK</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: drawing it up, writing the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

6
handbook/survey/getin.htm
View File

@ -71,11 +71,7 @@ it is a new cave on the plateau, put it in a new directory under "caves".
Underground data for Steinbr&uuml;ckenh&ouml;hle goes in one of the
subdirectories under caves/204; it may well be clear which one from what it
links to, but if not, ask.</p>
<p>There is a <a href="svindx.htm">complete index</a> to all the existing
surveys, which should enable you to find the data for any survey station,
once you know its name. It's a fair bet that if your survey connects to a
station in one directory, your survey data should go in that same directory.</p></li>
</li>
<li>What to call your survey: all your data should be inside a begin/end pair
with a meaningful name. This need not be the same name as the file, but as a

8
handbook/survey/gps.htm
View File

@ -76,15 +76,15 @@ is so we can find it again and be sure it is the same one!</p>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook</b>:
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying</b>:
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a></li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>

136
handbook/survey/hints.htm
View File

@ -1,159 +1,145 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang="en">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Hints &amp; tips</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
Wookey's hints and tips to save you going back to do it again:</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Wookey's hints and tips to save you going back to do it again</h1>
<p><i>"hmm - not going to finish this even slightly, so some points to bear
in mind:"</i>
in mind:"</i></p>
<ul>
<li>The compass must be held level to get a meaningful reading. A left/right
tilt will cause a systematic over or under reading, whilst sighting up or
down a steep leg may cause the compass to stick. It is easier to sight from
the lower station by keeping the tape in position and sighting along it.
the lower station by keeping the tape in position and sighting along it.</li>
<li>Take care with lights, batteries, helmets and anything else which could
be magnetic - check your gear on the surface, or your work could be seriously
impaired. If your light affects the compass, then hold it away from the
instrument when lighting it. Keep the compass well away from steel objects
like bolts, steel karabiners or maillons, tripods or ammo cans when sighting.
like bolts, steel karabiners or maillons, tripods or ammo cans when sighting.</li>
<li>Practice using the compass above ground to avoid classic errors like
reading 56 as 64 (ie. counting the wrong way from the 60 marker).
reading 56 as 64 (ie. counting the wrong way from the 60 marker).</li>
<li>Degrees are on the <b>left hand</b> scale on clinos. The other scale is
percent gradient - this is better than nothing if you can't read the degree
scale (make it abundantly clear in the notes), but reading the wrong one
without realising gives useless results.
without realising gives useless results.</li>
<li>Pick survey points so you can get your head in, and so you can see both
ways as easily as possible. Note that Bolts are good things to use as
stations (because we can find them again), but don't put the compass within
30cm as it will give joke readings. Sight from the other end of the leg, or
put the compass behind it and look <u>past</u> the bolt.
put the compass behind it and look <em>past</em> the bolt.</li>
<li>Write decimal points as slashes to stop them getting lost in the mud.
Make sure they don't look like "1"s. It is helpful to always write compass
readings as three digits before the decimal point, and clino as two digits
with a sign. Add leading zeroes if needed (eg. 031/5 +02/5).
with a sign. Add leading zeroes if needed (eg. 031/5 +02/5).</li>
<li>"Notes" should call back readings to "Instruments" to check. Make sure
you call out what you have written, not what you heard. It helps to ensure
both of you have brains in gear if you change the format. Eg. "Instruments"
calls out "Compass thirty seven point five", and "Notes" calls back "Oh,
three, seven point five, compass".
three, seven point five, compass".</li>
<li>Instead of writing all the data on one sheet, and the sketches on
another, you may like to write all the info for a few legs on the same sheet
so that mud does not accumulate on one important data sheet in grubby areas.
so that mud does not accumulate on one important data sheet in grubby areas.</li>
<li>Have a separate front sheet without anything important on otherwise it
might get rubbed off.
might get rubbed off.</li>
<li>Take at least one spare pencil!
<li>Take at least one spare pencil!</li>
<li>Return instuments to the carbide dessicator before you fall asleep
otherwise they are likely to fog up the next time. Don't leave them in the
cave, both for the above reason and because the next survey may need them
somewhere else entirely.
somewhere else entirely.</li>
<li>Leapfrogging is a good idea in general but you don't have to be religious
about it. It is almost impossible in tiny passage, and sometimes a point for
a survey station is so obvious that you <u>have</u> to use it, but can't
actually take readings <i>from</i> it.
a survey station is so obvious that you <em>have</em> to use it, but can't
actually take readings <i>from</i> it.</li>
<li>Draw plans and extended elevations in horizontal bits of cave, with
cross sections for each typical section of passage. Orientate your cross
sections (ie. show which direction they are looking) on the plans. It helps
always to do the cross sections looking in a consistent direction.
always to do the cross sections looking in a consistent direction.</li>
<li>Draw extended sections in two directions for vertical cave, with plans
where required. Mark directions on plans and sections otherwise they are
impossible to orientate later. A plan with only one station and no direction
indicator cannot be orientated. It is easiest if the drawer takes a spare
compass for this (doesn't have to be a good one) in vertical work.
compass for this (doesn't have to be a good one) in vertical work.</li>
<li>Think ahead when surveying pitches, especially long ones. Take two tape
measures for stuff over 30m, or three well-organised people and some handy
big croc-clips !
big croc-clips!</li>
<li>Record the serial numbers of instruments (comp/clino/tape). Also write
down dates, endpoints, surveyors, cave, any conventions used for symbols,
passage widths etc.
passage widths etc.</li>
<li>Find out where you are going to join your survey to <b>before</b> you go,
otherwise your surveys will be left hanging in space. From 1996, the QM
list is supposed to tell you the nearest existing survey station - make
sure that you can identify this (look at the relevant year's survey book).
sure that you can identify this (look at the relevant year's survey book).</li>
<li>Calibration is useful at 161a: ie. compass from lower to upper cairn, and
from lower cairn to Br&auml;uning Zinken (if you know where it is - highest
point near right-hand edge of Br&auml;uning Wall (just over the bush!)). See
the "<a href="../findit.htm">Taking bearings</a>" doc for photos. Clino
from lower to upper cairn and back down. Several readings for each
calibration is best.
calibration is best.</li>
<li>Take care when holding your survey notes when using a carbide - they
catch fire very easily (a friend of mine lost over 300m of survey notes in
Mulu once like that - Andy F)
Mulu once like that - Andy F)</li>
</ul>
that'll do for now
<br>wook
<p>that'll do for now &ndash; wook</p>
<p>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, hints'n'tips to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

172
handbook/survey/how.htm
View File

@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Underground</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
Cave survey methods: underground</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Surveying methods: underground</h1>
<p>The idea of the survey is to produce a map of the cave that is accurate,
useful for route finding and possible connections (and look pretty). In most
@ -18,7 +16,7 @@ caves (and particularly in Kaninchenh&ouml;hle), enough information has to be
collected for the full survey to be drawn by people who haven't visited all
of it. The work involved in redrawing a huge survey each year is enormous, so
it is becoming increasingly important to record enough so that a computer can
draw it later.
draw it later.</p>
<p>This being expedition caving, time is limited, but don't forget that
no-one else may ever come here again, so the idea is to efficiently record as
@ -27,12 +25,12 @@ accuracy, but if constrained by time and manpower (eg. this is the last
chance to survey, on the derigging trip of a cave which is now "finished"),
it is better to record all the passage, rather than part of it to a very high
standard. Particularly to be avoided is a survey that doesn't connect to the
rest of the cave.
rest of the cave.</p>
<p>You are collecting data to fulfill a number of needs: the actual position
of the passage for finding where it goes and possible connections; the shape
of it for drawing pretty surveys; the location of possible leads for future
exploration; geological info for working out how it got there.
exploration; geological info for working out how it got there.</p>
<p>For small caves the survey should be drawn up for publication by those who
surveyed it. However, it is important to realise that for big caves (eg.
@ -42,30 +40,30 @@ survey, and they have no chance to go back to check anything which is
unclear. The same applies to the passage description, which is a complex
evolving document. Ambiguities in your description may not become a
problem for several years, by which time you may no longer be in contact
with expo or may not remember anything about the passage.
with expo or may not remember anything about the passage.</p>
<p><b>Surveying ethics</b>. Remember: <u>survey what you find - don't leave
it for someone else</u>. Your ability to find new passage without wasting
time reexploring stuff seen before depends on those who came last year
leaving good documentation. Likewise, future expeditions will be more
rewarding if you have finished the job of exploraing with a good survey.
<p><b>Surveying ethics</b>. Remember: <em>survey what you find - don't leave
it for someone else</em>. Your ability to find new passage without wasting time
reexploring stuff seen before depends on those who came last year leaving good
documentation. Likewise, future expeditions will be more rewarding if you have
finished the job of exploring with a good survey.</p>
<h4>Survey Standards</h4>
<p>Both on the surface and underground, CUCC tries to achieve a grade 5c
survey and the information below is the minimum that can be collected <b>in
the cave</b> (or on the ground) to achieve this.
the cave</b> (or on the ground) to achieve this.</p>
<ul>
<li>Compass and clino read to the closest degree (but if it is in the middle
there is no time wasted in recording the half).
there is no time wasted in recording the half).</li>
<li>Tape to the closest centimetre.
<li>Tape to the closest centimetre.</li>
<li>A cross-section with dimensions at least every station or leg (however,
every time the passage changes significantly is deemed more suitable).
every time the passage changes significantly is deemed more suitable).</li>
<li>A detailed plan and <u>elevation</u> sketch. This is actually easier to
<li>A detailed plan and <em>elevation</em> sketch. This is actually easier to
draw if it is done accurately to scale and direction (some surveyors carry a
ruler and protractor to put the centre-line accurately in the book to sketch
round). The sketch should contain as much detail as you would expect to find
@ -83,7 +81,7 @@ visible, to record the location of shelly bands, faults, dip and strike of
any prominent bedding or other cleavage planes, and any old flow markings
(direction and approx diameter). Anything unusual which would make a good
landmark is also useful, and of course, man-made things like pitch rigging,
traverse lines or cairns.
traverse lines or cairns.</li>
<li>The left, right, up, down (LRUD) from the survey station to the general
passage wall, not the closest piece of rock. These should be <b>measured</b>
@ -93,7 +91,7 @@ derivable from the sketch, this is not reliable and LRUD provide a very
useful cross-check. The meaning of "Left" and "Right" should be consistent
along the survey and not swap over when leapfrogging. If there is a
significant bend in the survey, the sketch should make clear exactly which
directions were taken.
directions were taken.</li>
<li>On pitches, LRUD is not very meaningful. Instead, take four directions
in a horizontal plane to the shaft walls. Most often this will be NSEW, but
@ -104,34 +102,33 @@ useful - record approx compass points of the directions taken.
fancy cave visualisation software which is now becoming available. For
a discussion of how to record this data, see Andy Atkinson's article in
<a href="http://www.chaos.org.uk/survex/cp/cp10/cpoint10.htm#art3">Compass
Points #10</a>.
Points #10</a>.</p></li>
<li>Station location. Some stations will never be used again, and the
location is only needed when drawing up, as an additional helpful datum.
Stations at junctions, or in long passages where junctions may have gone
unnoticed, should be recorded in enough detail to be found again quite
unambiguously by someone who hasn't been there before. If you say "bolt"
make it clear which bolt. Remember that next year the anchor will have to
be found, not just the obvious hanger. And someone may add a new bolt -
is your description adequate to ensure that the old one is found ? A
sketch to find the point may be useful - in more detail than will be used
to draw up the survey. The Easegill resurvey folk are using special
markers for permanent survey stations, which some may like to try in
Austria. They make station identification much more certain, which is
important when the next person to carry on the survey may never have
been here before.
<li>Station location. Some stations will never be used again, and the location
is only needed when drawing up, as an additional helpful datum. Stations at
junctions, or in long passages where junctions may have gone unnoticed, should
be recorded in enough detail to be found again quite unambiguously by someone
who hasn't been there before. If you say "bolt" make it clear which bolt.
Remember that next year the anchor will have to be found, not just the obvious
hanger. And someone may add a new bolt - is your description adequate to ensure
that the old one is found ? A sketch to find the point may be useful - in more
detail than will be used to draw up the survey. The Easegill resurvey folk are
using special coloured plastic markers for permanent survey stations, which
some may like to try in Austria. They make station identification much more
certain, which is important when the next person to carry on the survey may
never have been here before.</li>
<li>Names. If you know passage and/or pitch names, record them on the
survey, preferably with both the numbers and the sketch. If a name covers
a long passage, record "station 13, start of passage X" ... "station 47,
end of passage X". This helps prevent the meaning of names changing over
time, which can make connecting new passages to old surveys very hard, as
people look in entirely the wrong place for your stations...
<li>Names. If you know passage and/or pitch names, record them on the survey,
preferably with both the numbers and the sketch. If a name covers a long
passage, record "station 13, start of passage X" ... "station 47, end of
passage X". This helps prevent the meaning of names changing over time, which
can make connecting new passages to old surveys very hard, as
people look in entirely the wrong place for your stations...</li>
<li>Question Marks. These should also be recorded both with the numbers
and on the sketch. Make it clear where the nearest survey station is, and
choose such stations to ease the job of future explorers, so they can be
found again.
found again.</li>
<li>Info for the whole survey. This means date, personnel, which instruments
were used, state of the tape (eg. was the first 20cm missing ?). Also
@ -140,58 +137,45 @@ between two known points) by each person who reads instruments on the
survey, using the same technique as used in the cave. Clino should have
readings taken from both ends between any two points (ie. A to B and B to A)
at least once, and ideally each time the clino is bumped (compromise is
before and after the trip).
before and after the trip).</li>
</ul>
<p>There are a whole load of <a href="hints.htm">hints and tips</a> on how to
do the above, written from experience in Austria.
do the above, written from experience in Austria.</p>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>:
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: underground</li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

139
handbook/survey/index.htm
View File

@ -1,90 +1,79 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<center><h2>Janet &amp; John document their cave - 1999 revision</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expedition Handbook</h2>
<h1>Surveying</h1>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 140%">
Janet &amp; John document their cave - 1999 revision</p>
Mostly by Wookey and Andy</center>
<p style="text-align: center; font-size: 120%; font-style: italic">Mostly by Wookey and Andy Waddington</p>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>This part of the Expedition Handbook is about documentation - recording
what the expedition found for posterity and so future expeditions have
something to build upon. Mostly this means producing a good <b>survey</b> of
each cave, but it also includes writing <b>passage descriptions</b> and
taking <b>photographs</b>. Documenting old caves which are refound, and short
new caves is covered by the <a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting Guide</a>.
Taking photographs may one day be covered by a better expedition
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography Guide</a> than the current effort.
<b>This</b> guide covers essentially everything that goes in the <b>Survey
Book</b> on each expedition.
<p>This part of the Expedition Handbook is about documentation - recording what
the expedition found for posterity and so future expeditions have something to
build upon. Mostly this means producing a good <b>survey</b> of each cave, but
it also includes writing <b>passage descriptions</b> and taking
<b>photographs</b>. Documenting old caves which are refound, and short new
caves is covered by the <a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting Guide</a>. Taking
photographs may one day be covered by a better expedition <a
href="../photo.htm">Photography Guide</a> than the current effort. <b>This</b>
guide covers essentially everything that goes in the <b>Survey Book</b> on each
expedition.</p>
<p>For 1998, this screed was split up into digestible chunks. We
hope you will read all of it, but those who have been surveying before
may want to skip the introductory material, whilst others may not need
to read all of the more detailed topics.
<p>For 1998, this screed was split up into digestible chunks. We hope you will
read all of it, but those who have been surveying before may want to skip the
introductory material, whilst others may not need to read all of the more
detailed topics.</p>
<p><img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>For those new to Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>For those carrying out a survey</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
The <a href="lasers.htm">laser points</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
A new cave: <a href="gps.htm">Getting a GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<!-- need to add blurb on QM quality etc. -->
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="athome.htm">Back in the UK</a>: so you thought you'd finished ?<br>
<!-- do we cover the full QM list here ? -->
<p><img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="more.htm">More resources</a> on surveying<br>
<ul>
<li><b>For those new to surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><b>For those carrying out a survey:</b>
<ul>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a>
<ul>
<li>The <a href="lasers.htm">laser points</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li>A new cave: <a href="gps.htm">Getting a GPS fix</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing the description</li>
<!-- need to add blurb on QM quality etc. -->
<li><a href="athome.htm">Back in the UK</a>: so you thought you'd finished?</li>
<!-- do we cover the full QM list here ? -->
</ul></li>
<li><a href="more.htm">More resources</a> on surveying</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<hr />
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<ul id="links">
<li><a href="../index.htm">Expedition Handbook</a>
<ul>
<li>Surveying guide</li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a> &ndash; Overview</li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

119
handbook/survey/lasers.htm
View File

@ -1,12 +1,19 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
Laser Points
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Laser points</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
<style type="text/css">
<!--
table.trad, table.trad td, table.trad th
{ margin: 0pt; border: 1px solid #000; }
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Geographical fixed points on Loser</h1>
<p>The coordinate system used by the Austrian Kataster is called the
@ -17,28 +24,27 @@ translate to/from Lat/Long in 1912). In our area, this is UTM zone 31. At
least, this was our belief, but we don't seem to be getting perfect agreement
between UTM/31 figures from GPS and the G&amp;K coordinates of fixed
points... This is probably because the bulk of Austria is in UTM zone 33.
Hmmmm.
Hmmmm.</p>
<p>Within this system, there are a number of triangulation points surveyed
purely for the purpose of locating caves: these are the
Katastertriangulierungspunkte, or KT points. A point to watch when reading
the Austrian literature is that the numbers labelled X and Y are the
opposite way round from what seems normal to most people, ie. X is the
northing and Y is the easting. The X coordinate, when quoted in full, is
actually the distance in metres north of the equator, but usually the
leading two digits are omitted, to give the same number of digits in the two
coordinates. When the two extra digits are quoted, then the coordinates are
not the same length, which can cause confusion if you're used to British
National Grid references (where the east and west coordinates are run
together as if a single number).
Katastertriangulierungspunkte, or KT points. A point to watch when reading the
Austrian literature is that the numbers labelled X and Y are the opposite way
round from what seems normal to most people, ie. X is the northing and Y is the
easting. The X coordinate, when quoted in full, is actually the distance in
metres north of the equator, but usually the leading two digits are omitted, to
give the same number of digits in the two coordinates. When the two extra
digits are quoted, then the coordinates are not the same length, which can
cause confusion if you're used to British National Grid references (where the
east and west coordinates are run together as if a single number).</p>
<p>Within our area, a number of derivative points were surveyed (with a laser
rangefinder/theodolite) near to various caves. This work was done in two
sessions, in summer 1987 (with CUCC) and in 199x (with ArGe?). The points are
marked with spits in the rock, and originally with some form of flagging
tape. However, those which aren't right next to well-known caves are now
proving quite hard to find in the field, at least partly owing to some very
poor sketching of their locations.
marked with spits in the rock, and originally with some form of flagging tape.
However, those which aren't right next to well-known caves are now proving
quite hard to find in the field, at least partly owing to some very poor
sketching of their locations.</p>
<p>For these derived points, the main number is just a sequence number. The
ones which were derived via an intermediate derived point (rather than
@ -47,24 +53,24 @@ were derived. Hence, for example, point 7/9 on the 201 path near
Elchh&ouml;hle, was the ninth derived point, and was found by theodoliting
and rangefinding from point 7, on the Br&auml;uning Nase. This numbering
makes it easier, if one point is found to be in error, to work out which ones
were derived from it and will therefore also be wrong.
were derived from it and will therefore also be wrong.</p>
<p>As far as we are aware, all of these points which we have visited are
correct, with the exception of 7/11 on the col (ie. the most useful point,
nearest Top Camp), which seems to be out by an angular error of 25 or 26&deg;
from the Nase point. In the table, point 14/16 is also noted as possibly
being dodgy, but we have no real indication of why.
being dodgy, but we have no real indication of why.</p>
<table>
<table class="trad">
<tr><td>point</td><td>Y (east)</td><td>X (north)</td><td>Altitude</td><td>where ?</td></tr>
<tr><td>KT114-96</td><td>36670.37</td><td>(52)83317.43</td><td>1903.97</td><td>Hinterer Schwarzmooskogel Trig point</td></tr>
<tr><td>0</td><td>36386.56</td><td>(52)82804.16</td><td>1815.45</td><td>Hilfstandpunkt (hillock N of <a href="../../smkridge/161/top.htm">161</a>)</td></tr>
<tr><td>0/1</td><td>36093.56</td><td>(52)82337.43</td><td>1782.35</td><td>Between <a href="../../smkridge/156.htm">156</a> and <a href="../../smkridge/201.htm">201</a><br> cloth labelled "0/1" replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/1" (1999)</td></tr>
<tr><td>0/1</td><td>36093.56</td><td>(52)82337.43</td><td>1782.35</td><td>Between <a href="../../smkridge/156.htm">156</a> and <a href="../../smkridge/201.htm">201</a> cloth labelled "0/1" replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/1" (1999)</td></tr>
<tr><td>0/2</td><td>36029.92</td><td>(52)82432.14</td><td>1750.06</td><td>Near</td></tr>
<tr><td>0/3</td><td>35866.51</td><td>(52)82424.03</td><td>1710.16</td><td>Near</td></tr>
<tr><td>0/4</td><td>35927.72</td><td>(52)82537.57</td><td>1687.45</td><td><a href="../../plateau/145.htm">Wolfh&ouml;hle</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>0/5</td><td>36005.96</td><td>(52)82782.82</td><td>1690.70</td><td>up gully and left from <a href="../../plateau/107.htm">107</a><br>
<tr><td>0/5</td><td>36005.96</td><td>(52)82782.82</td><td>1690.70</td><td>up gully and left from <a href="../../plateau/107.htm">107</a>
tatty cloth replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/5" 1998</td></tr>
<tr><td>0/6</td><td>35873.09</td><td>(52)82944.29</td><td>1647.78</td><td>Near <a href="../../plateau/76.htm">76</a> - between the three entrances</td></tr>
@ -81,45 +87,56 @@ tatty cloth replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/5" 1998</td></tr>
</table>
<p>These fixed points are accessible in the Survex dataset at
fixedpts/Laser.svx.
fixedpts/laser.svx.</p>
<p><img src="../../../icons/roadwk.png" align=bottom>A description of our own
<p><img src="../../../icons/roadwk.png" class="icon" alt="" />A description of our own
surface surveys in the area is under construction, and should eventually
include details of how to find these laserfound points and other fixed
points. Currently, locations of caves in the kataster may be quoted as these
coordinates, or as Latitude/Longitude derived from the Austrian Alpine Club
(OAV) map sheet 15/1, which does not have a grid. Trying to get all these
locations into a single coordinate system is a priority, but will involve
quite a lot of unglamorous surface surveying, so don't hold your breath...
quite a lot of unglamorous surface surveying, so don't hold your breath...</p>
<p>In some Austrian literature, the easting quoted is in a system labelled
BMN. The Easting grid line +36000 (Gau&szlig; + Kr&uuml;ger, M31) is the
same as BMN 486000, and translation appears to be a matter of simple
addition or subtraction, though it may prove to be more complex than this
over a large enough area, as already indicated by GPS work...
over a large enough area, as already indicated by GPS work...</p>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
Back to <a href="../../index.htm">Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Main Indices:</b><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm"><b>Index</b> to Expo</a> information pages<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Description of CUCC's area</a> and split to subareas<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Full <a href="../../indxal.htm">Index to cave descriptions</a> in area 1623<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
List of (links to) <a href="../../pubs.htm">published reports and logbooks</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Pictures:</b><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../gall0.htm">Text only Index</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../gallery/0.htm">Index pages (with thumbnails)</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
Back to <a href="../../../index.htm">CUCC Home page</a>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

97
handbook/survey/more.htm
View File

@ -1,21 +1,19 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: More resources</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
More cave surveying resources</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>More cave surveying resources</h1>
<p>CUCC uses the platform-portable <b>Survex</b> package - this has its
<a href="http://www.survex.com/">own website</a> and can be downloaded free.
It also has a <a href="http://www.survex.com/maillist.html">mailing list</a>
to keep you up to date with new releases and the like.
to keep you up to date with new releases and the like.</p>
<!-- this list is so out of date that it's not worth pointing to unless
it gets a thorough overhaul...
@ -28,46 +26,49 @@ its various special interest groups, and quite a lot of other caving clubs).
<p>For more discussion on Cave Surveying, there is a specialist
<a href="http://www.survex.com/maillist.html">cave-surveying
mailing list</a>. Most of the discussion
here is not at the beginning-surveyor level, however.
here is not at the beginning-surveyor level, however.</p>
<p>You might also like to join the Cave Surveying
<a href="http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/~arb/surveying/csg.html">special
interest group</a> of the British Cave Research Association. This
publishes the quarterly
<a href="../../../../survex/cp/index.htm">Compass Points</a>,
which is also available on the web, some time after the printed edition
(the delay depends somewhat on how much work the webmaster has to do on
<b>this</b> site before finding time for Compass Points :-)
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<p>You might also like to join the Cave Surveying <a
href="http://www.sat.dundee.ac.uk/~arb/surveying/csg.html">special interest
group</a> of the British Cave Research Association. This publishes the
quarterly <a href="../../../../survex/cp/index.htm">Compass Points</a>, which
is also available on the web, some time after the printed edition (the delay
depends somewhat on how much work the webmaster has to do on <b>this</b> site
before finding time for Compass Points :-)</p> <!-- I understand he hasn't done
any more work on Compass Points lately than he has on this site. -->
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

131
handbook/survey/ontop.htm
View File

@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang="en">
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide: Surface</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Surface surveys</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
Surface surveys</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Surface surveys</h1>
<p>All features of speleological interest should be recorded with a minimum
of two bearings on fixed landmarks (see <a href="../findit.htm">separate
@ -20,10 +20,13 @@ spit if possible) early on, so you can use that point as the start of the
underground or surface surveys. If possible, it helps to fix new stuff with a
GPS (use waypoint averaging for a couple of hours whilst you explore it).
There is a separate manual document for <a href="gps.htm">using GPS on
expo</a>.
expo</a>.</p>
<p><a href="../../piclinks/ssvypl.htm"><img src="../../tinypix/ssvypl.jpg"
width=122 height=122 hspace=10 align=left></a>
<div style="float: left; margin: 10pt;">
<a href="../../piclinks/ssvypl.htm">
<img src="../../tinypix/ssvypl.jpg"
width="122" height="122" alt="" />
</a></div>
<p>The main difference with a surface survey is that you can see, and are not
constrained by passage walls. The lack of walls may mean that all survey
@ -41,26 +44,26 @@ when doing your calibration. For better accuracy, you should really keep the
survey legs short (6m gives a compass/clino error comparable with a 5cm
station position error). This makes the survey take much longer, and maybe
more prone to recording errors, so a good compromise is to keep legs down to
15m or less, which also makes sketching a little easier.
15m or less, which also makes sketching a little easier.</p>
<p><b>Don't neglect sketching&nbsp;!</b> Cold, exhaustion and call-out times
should not be such a restriction on surface surveys, so don't do a rush job
(it is best <b>not</b> to do surface surveys when the weather is awful:-).
A good surface sketch makes caves easier to find, possibly saving future
cavers from repeating your bearings to find the entrance. Eventually such
sketches will build to a map of the area, showing which bits have really been
looked at. It is conventional to survey to the cave marker tag, where there
is one (and you could always drill a spit for one, and survey to it). Failing
that, the centre of the painted number or middle of the "+" sign, or the
first bolt of the rigging (remember that we are no longer allowed to paint
marks on the plateau surface). Make sure that you record what is used, and
its height above/below the "surface".
<p><b>Don't neglect sketching!</b> Cold, exhaustion and call-out times should
not be such a restriction on surface surveys, so don't do a rush job (it is
best <b>not</b> to do surface surveys when the weather is awful:-). A good
surface sketch makes caves easier to find, possibly saving future cavers from
repeating your bearings to find the entrance. Eventually such sketches will
build to a map of the area, showing which bits have really been looked at. It
is conventional to survey to the cave marker tag, where there is one (and you
could always drill a spit for one, and survey to it). Failing that, the centre
of the painted number or middle of the "+" sign, or the first bolt of the
rigging (remember that we are no longer allowed to paint marks on the plateau
surface). Make sure that you record what is used, and its height above/below
the "surface".</p>
<p>If you do run out of time, make sure that your final survey point can
readily be found again, for example a drilled hole in a prominent boulder
(take a photo). Consider going back a few legs if it will give you an
easier to find end point - better to lose one or two legs than have to redo
the whole survey !
the whole survey!</p>
<h3>Finding a starting point</h3>
@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ cave marker tag (or the spit you have placed for one, or hole drilled for
it). If there is just a hole, it is as well to mark it with a bit of paint
so it can be found again. Failing these, a well-documented spot which can
be found again is essential - the first bolt of the rigging or part of a
painted number.
painted number.</p>
<p>The surface is now becoming laced with a network of surface surveys of
different vintages and qualities. As these build up, good sketching means
@ -79,53 +82,41 @@ a useful scale map can be drawn, which in turn means you can look to see
where the nearest existing fixed points are to your cave. The best fixed
points are the ones fixed by accurate (laser theodolite) survey by the
Austrians, commonly known as <a href="lasers.htm">"laser points"</a>. Next
best are surface surveys taking a short route from these points.
best are surface surveys taking a short route from these points.</p>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook:</b>
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying:</b>
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: surface</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

66
handbook/survey/svindx.htm
View File

@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>CUCC Austria 1976-present: survey data index</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<frame name="main" src="svtab.htm">
<frame name="data">
<!-- initially don't display any data in the data frame -->
</frameset>
<noframes>
<center><h2>CUCC in Austria - survey data road map</h2></center>
<p>We've tried very hard not to use frames, but can't see a better way to
make this survey data index work to let you flip between survey data files
on-screen without dropping out of a browser (since survey data files are not
in html). Your browser doesn't cope, and we do hope you won't have similar
trouble anywhere else on the site. If you click <a href="svtab.htm">HERE</a>,
you will be taken to the index proper. Please use the appropriate mouse
button ("adjust" on RISC OS machines, often the middle button on Linux) to
follow the links to the survey files. On RISC OS or Linux, this will take you
straight to the file. On a two-button machine (PC or Mac), you need to pop up
a mneu and choose "open in new window". This should ensure that the index
itself stays on-screen and avoids using the "back" button and re-rendering
the (large) table each time.
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="index.htm">Surveying Guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Back to <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Back <a href="athome.htm">in the UK</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Kaninchenh&ouml;hle info</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../smkridge/161/names.htm">Glossary of passage names</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Question mark lists</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Currently <a href="../../smkridge/161/qmtodo.htm">awaiting exploration</a>
<br><img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Already <a href="../../smkridge/161/qmdone.htm">pushed</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="../../smkridge/161/qmaven.htm">Avens</a>
(looking unlikely to be scaled)<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../smkridge/161/top.htm">Cave Description</a> - Overview<br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topic pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to 1623 caves</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a>
</noframes>
</html>

459
handbook/survey/svtab.htm
View File

@ -1,459 +0,0 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>CUCC Austria 1976-present: survey data index</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<center><h2>CUCC in Austria - survey data road map</h2></center>
<p>This index is intended to get you from any survey station name which you
may find in CaveRot, or in any other documentation for that matter, to the
survey file which currently contains that survey data. If you don't happen to
know the survey dataset inside out (and at least one of the regular
maintainers couldn't remember where to find things even before the
rearrangement which resulted from reconciling the different philosophies in
use by CUCC and Arge) you are going to need this. Note that for the most part
the index only includes CUCC's own survey data. We also have survey data for
other groups (such as Arge) which will be indexed soon, though possibly
elsewhere under the "others" hierarchy or inside the password-protected part
of the site. '99).
<p>It doesn't include named survey stations at the root level (such as
P161d), as these may have come from any of several places, depending on
how the survey was processed. Most of these are *Fix'ed in FixedPts.Ents,
but this is not necessarily helpful. Each is equated to a relevant surface
survey point, and equally is equated to a relevant underground survey point,
each in the appropriate survey file or controlling file (this part of the
organisation of the data is undergoing some development at present, I'll
build an index table when it is complete and <i>if people like the way it's
been done</i>).
<p>Clearly, the majority of these surveys are in Kaninchenh&ouml;hle.
For recent (and some older) leads in the KH QM list, you can find the
nearest survey station to the QM by choosing "View Source" and looking
in the html comments. It's hoped to find a neater way of providing this
information soon. Once you know the nearest survey station, you need to
find the relevant survey data file which should contain either (a) a
description of the station and how to find it or (b) a page number in
a survey book where you can look it up. The latter is usually preferable,
as you will also find the relevant sketching there. References to survey
books are being added to this index (in the "year" column). These are just a
page number for years with one survey book, or a page number preceded by "KH"
or "notKH" for recent years where there have been separate survey books for
Kaninchenh&ouml;hle and everything else. Sometimes you will also see
"logbook" when the survey book got too full and was continued in the back of
the same year's logbook. Some older refs are explained in a separate table
after the index table.
<table border=1>
<tr><th>Survey</th><th>File</th><th>Year (and ref.)</th></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/fixedpts/ents98.svx">FixedPts.Ents98</a></td><td><b>Entrance fixes</b> (derivative)</td></tr>
<tr><td></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/fixedpts/ents98ss.svx">FixedPts.Ents98SS</a></td><td><b>Entrance fixes</b> (derivative from just surface surveys)</td></tr>
<tr><td>103to173</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/tcto171.svx">Surface.TCto171</a></td><td>1998 surf pp 53,55</td></tr>
<tr><td>103toLRH</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/tcto171.svx">Surface.TCto171</a></td><td>1998 surf pp 53-4</td></tr>
<tr><td>01to156</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/p156.svx">Surface.P156</a></td><td>1987 logbook(?)</td></tr>
<tr><td>106</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/106.svx">Plateau.106</a></td><td>1978 AW1</td></tr>
<tr><td>113.BananaCon</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/q152.svx">Stoger.Q152</a></td><td>1987?</td></tr>
<tr><td>113.BananaMain</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/q152.svx">Stoger.Q152</a></td><td>1985</td></tr>
<tr><td>113.IPerilous</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/sonnen.svx">Stoger.Sonnen</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>113.Muesli</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/sonnen.svx">Stoger.Sonnen</a></td><td>1980 AW1</td></tr>
<tr><td>113.Point5</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/sonnen.svx">Stoger.Sonnen</a></td><td>1980 AW1</td></tr>
<tr><td>113.Purple</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/sonnen.svx">Stoger.Sonnen</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>136Surf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/p136.svx">Surface.P136</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>136to147</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/136to147.svx">Surface.136to147</a></td><td>1997 notKH</td></tr>
<tr><td>145.pt1</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/145.svx">Plateau.145</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>145.pt2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/145.svx">Plateau.145</a></td><td>1983 logbook (NW)</td></tr>
<tr><td>145.pt3</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/145.svx">Plateau.145</a></td><td>1983 logbook (CJ)</td></tr>
<tr><td>145.pt4</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/145.svx">Plateau.145</a></td><td>1984</td></tr>
<tr><td>145.pt5</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/145.svx">Plateau.145</a></td><td>1984 AW2 40-42</td></tr>
<tr><td>145to107</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/colto97.svx">Surface.ColTo97</a></td><td>1984 AW2 37-39</td></tr>
<tr><td>145to145c</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/colto97.svx">Surface.ColTo97</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>145to82</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/colto97.svx">Surface.ColTo97</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>147</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/vskcaves/147.svx">VSKcaves.147</a></td><td>1988</td></tr>
<tr><td>147Vor</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/147vor.svx">Surface.147Vor</a></td><td>1994 (not in book ?)</td></tr>
<tr><td>148</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/148.svx">Plateau.148</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>159toTC</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/neartc.svx">Surface.NearTC</a></td><td>1998 surf p 57</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="136distraction">161.136.distraction</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/136.svx">161.136.136</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="136entrance">161.136.entrance</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/136.svx">161.136.136</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="136fantasy">161.136.fantasy</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/136.svx">161.136.136</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="136footlights">161.136.footlights</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/136.svx">161.136.136</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="136gods">161.136.gods</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/136.svx">161.136.136</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="136theatre">161.136.theatre</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/136.svx">161.136.136</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="3wisemen">161.3WiseMen</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/3wisemen.svx">161.North.3WiseMen</a></td><td>1992 p 132</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adrian1">161.Adrian.1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1988</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adrian2">161.Adrian.2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990 pp 1-2</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adriana">161.Adrian.a</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990 pp 5-7</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adrianb">161.Adrian.b</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990 pp 39-42</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adrianc">161.Adrian.c</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990 pp 63-65</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adriand">161.Adrian.d</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990 pp 66-68</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adriane">161.Adrian.e</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990?</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="adrianguessed">161.Adrian.guessed</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/adrian.svx">161.France.Adrian</a></td><td>1990 p 66</td></tr>
<tr><td>161.algbit</td><td></td><td>AlgBit - no longer exists, renamed missip</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="algeria">161.Algeria</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/algeria.svx">161.France.Algeria</a></td><td>1992 pp 118-119</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="altuni">161.altuni</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/altuni.svx">161.Triassic.Altuni</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 142-145</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ambipt1">161.ambi.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/ambi.svx">161.LHR.Ambi</a></td><td>1991 p 88</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ambipt2">161.ambi.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/ambi.svx">161.LHR.Ambi</a></td><td>1991 pp 89-91</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="anglia">161.anglia</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/anglia.svx">161.North.Anglia</a></td><td>1993 pp 166-170</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="asturias">161.asturias</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/asturias.svx">161.PHumour.Asturias</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 169-170</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="bearbum">161.BearBum</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/bearbum.svx">161.North.Bearbum</a></td><td>1998 KH</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="beeconn">161.BeeConn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/pipeless.svx">161.North.Pipeless</a></td><td>1992 p 126</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="beehive">161.Beehive</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/pipeless.svx">161.North.Pipeless</a></td><td>1992 pp 102-103</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="bladerun">161.Bladerun</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/bladerun.svx">161.RHR.Bladerun</a></td><td>1992 pp 136-137 (4 pp)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="boltconn1">161.BoltConn1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1990 p 94</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="boltconn2">161.BoltConn2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.Dreamtme</a></td><td>1990 p 94</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="boltconn3">161.BoltConn3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/chunnel.svx">161.RHR.Chunnel</a></td><td>1990 p 94</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="boulder">161.boulder</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/chunnel.svx">161.RHR.Chunnel</a></td><td>1989 pp 21-24</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="brian">161.brian</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/deadbats.svx">161.PHumour.DeadBats</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 169-170</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="brownie">161.brownie</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/browni.svx">161.France.Browni</a></td><td>1994 pp 28-29</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="brownloop">161.brownloop</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/browni.svx">161.France.Browni</a></td><td>1994 p 38</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="btoc">161.BtoC</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/btoc.svx">161.France.BtoC</a></td><td>1990 pp 85-89</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="bullshit">161.Bullshit</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.DreamTme</a></td><td>1990 p 19</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="burblcrawl">161.BurblCrawl</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/burble.svx">161.North.Burble</a></td><td>1991 pp 60-61</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="burblmaze">161.BurblMaze</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/burble.svx">161.North.Burble</a></td><td>1991 pp 75-76</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="catwoman">161.catwoman</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/catwoman.svx">161.PHumour.Catwoman</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 120-123</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="cfn">161.CFN</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/dehy.svx">161.North.DeHy</a></td><td>1990 pp 29-32</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="chaos">161.chaos</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/chaos.svx">161.Triassic.Chaos</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 82-84</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="chaos2">161.chaos2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/chaos.svx">161.Triassic.Chaos</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 90-91</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="chosspot">161.chosspot</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/chosspot.svx">161.Triassic.Chosspot</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 136-138</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="chunnel">161.chunnel</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/chunnel.svx">161.RHR.Chunnel</a></td><td>1989 pp 18-19</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="clearas">161.ClearAs</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/clearas.svx">161.North.Clearas</a></td><td>1998 KH</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="crystalloops">161.crystalloops</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/loopy.svx">161.PHumour.Loopy</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 134,133</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="daz">161.Daz</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/algeria.svx">161.France.Algeria</a></td><td>1995 pp 54-56</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="deadbats">161.deadbats</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/deadbats.svx">161.PHumour.DeadBats</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 104-109</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="deepsleep">161.DeepSleep</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/deepslp.svx">161.RHR.DeepSlp</a></td><td>1992 pp 106-109</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="diceroll">161.DiceRoll</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/vertfran.svx">161.France.VertFran</a></td><td>1991 pp 15-16</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dig90">161.dig90</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/natural.svx">161.PHumour.Natural</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 94-95,79</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="doubting">161.doubting</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/doubting.svx">161.RHR.Doubting</a></td><td>1995 pp 18-21</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dream">161.Dream</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.DreamTme</a></td><td>1990 pp 15-18</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dream89">161.Dream89</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.DreamTme</a></td><td>1989 (logbook) 75-78</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dreambull">161.DreamBull</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.DreamTme</a></td><td>1990 p 19</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dreamon">161.DreamOn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.DreamTme</a></td><td>1991 p 79</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="drunk1">161.Drunk.1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 pp 5-7</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="drunk2">161.Drunk.2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 p 61</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="drunk3">161.Drunk.3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 pp 25-27</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="drunk4">161.Drunk.4</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 pp 28-29</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="drunk5">161.Drunk.5</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 p 41</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="drunk7">161.Drunk.7</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 (logbook) pp 69-71</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dungeon">161.Dungeon</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1992 pp 114-117</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="dunno">161.dunno</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/keinzimm.svx">161.Triassic.KeinZimm</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="elina">161.ElinA</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/forbiden.svx">161.136.Forbiden</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 160-163</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="endless">161.endless</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/dehy.svx">161.North.DeHy</a></td><td>1990 pp 33-36</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="entrance">161.Entrance</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1989 pp 1-4</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="eaunat">161.EauNat</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/eaunat.svx">161.Triassic.Eaunat</a></td><td>1998 KH</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="eaunatlink">161.EauNatLink</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/eaunat.svx">161.Triassic.Eaunat</a></td><td>1998 KH</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fartofar">161.FarToFar</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/3wisemen.svx">161.North.3WiseMen</a></td><td>1992 pp 133-135</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fbspt1">161.FBS.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/flatbatt.svx">161.North.FlatBatt</a></td><td>1990 pp 11-13</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fbspt2">161.FBS.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/flatbatt.svx">161.North.FlatBatt</a></td><td>1990 pp 37-38</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fbspt3">161.FBS.pt3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/flatbatt.svx">161.North.FlatBatt</a></td><td>1990 pp 45-50</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fconnect">161.fconnect</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/fogies.svx">161.Triassic.Fogies</a></td><td>1996 (not in book)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fcr">161.fcr</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/fcr.svx">161.Triassic.Fcr</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 154-156</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="flapjack">161.flapjack</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/flapjack.svx">161.North.Flapjack</a></td><td>1989 pp 44-46</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fogies">161.fogies</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/fogies.svx">161.Triassic.Fogies</a></td><td>1996 (not in book)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="fogies2">161.fogies2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/fogies.svx">161.Triassic.Fogies</a></td><td>1996 (not in book)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="folly">161.folly</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/natural.svx">161.PHumour.Natural</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 96-97, 107</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="francea">161.France.a</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/vertfran.svx">161.France.VertFran</a></td><td>1991 pp 62-65</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="franceb">161.France.b</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/vertfran.svx">161.France.VertFran</a></td><td>1991 pp 66-68</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="frnchcon">161.FrnchCon</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/lhroute.svx">161.LHR.LHRoute</a></td><td>1989 (logbook) pp 79-82</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ftoloopy">161.ftoloopy</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/loopy.svx">161.PHumour.Loopy</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 130-133</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="furtcham">161.FurtCham</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/further.svx">161.North.Further</a></td><td>1993 pp 172-173</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="further">161.Further</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/further.svx">161.North.Further</a></td><td>1993 pp 171,173</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ginger">161.ginger</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/bisfac.svx">161.France.BisFac</a></td><td>1994 pp 24-26</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gnome">161.Gnome</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/gnome.svx">161.RHR.Gnome</a></td><td>1992 pp 108-109 (4 pp)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gobrest">161.Gob.rest</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/gob.svx">161.North.Gob</a></td><td>1993 pp 144-147</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gobtop">161.Gob.top</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/gob.svx">161.North.Gob</a></td><td>1989 (logbook) pp 89-92</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gparty1st">161.GParty.1st</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/gparty.svx">161.LHR.GParty</a></td><td>1992 pp 104-105</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gparty2nd">161.GParty.2nd</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/gparty.svx">161.LHR.GParty</a></td><td>1992 pp 110-111</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gparty3rd">161.GParty.3rd</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/gparty.svx">161.LHR.GParty</a></td><td>1992 pp 122-125</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="gravel">161.gravel</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/gravel.svx">161.136.Gravel</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="hammeroids">161.hammeroids</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/tapeworm.svx">161.Triassic.Tapeworm</a></td><td>1996 KH p 173</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="henricatpt1">161.henricat.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/henricat.svx">161.Triassic.Henricat</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 118-119</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="henricatpt2">161.henricat.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/henricat.svx">161.Triassic.Henricat</a></td><td>1996 KH p 119</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="hgslink">161.HGSLink</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/dehy.svx">161.North.DeHy</a></td><td>1992 p 133; 1993 p 171</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="hotmc">161.HotMC</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/forbiden.svx">161.136.Forbiden</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 157-159</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="hymen">161.hymen</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/hymen.svx">161.Triassic.hymen</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 194-195</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="iceland1">161.iceland1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/iceland.svx">161.PHumour.Iceland</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 166-167</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="iceland2">161.iceland2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/iceland.svx">161.PHumour.Iceland</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 190-191</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="iceland3">161.iceland3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/iceland.svx">161.PHumour.Iceland</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 192-193</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ignore1st">161.ignore.1st</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1993 pp 140-141</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ignore2nd">161.ignore.2nd</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1993 pp 152-154</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="infinite">161.infinite</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/iidriv.svx">161.France.Iidriv</a></td><td>1994 pp 20-23</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt1">161.interview.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 86-89</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt2">161.interview.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 124-125</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt3">161.interview.pt3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 152-153</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt4">161.interview.pt4</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 139-140</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt5">161.interview.pt5</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 179-182</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt6">161.interview.pt6</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 183-186</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="interviewpt7">161.interview.pt7</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 176-178</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="keinzimmer">161.keinzimmer</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/keinzimm.svx">161.Triassic.KeinZimm</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="knossos">161.Knossos</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/tblocks.svx">161.RHR.TBlocks</a></td><td>1988</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="knossosconn">161.knossosconn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/tblocks.svx">161.RHR.TBlocks</a></td><td>1996 (not in book?)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="leadmine">161.LeadMine</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/burble.svx">161.North.Burble</a></td><td>1991 pp 72-74</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lh">161.lh</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/lhroute.svx">161.LHR.LHRoute</a></td><td>1989 pp 57-60</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="limolink">161.limolink</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/revenge.svx">161.RHR.Revenge</a></td><td>1995 (not in book?)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="logic">161.Logic</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/logic.svx">161.North.Logic</a></td><td>1998 KH</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="loopy">161.loopy</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/loopy.svx">161.PHumour.Loopy</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 113,107</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lostworlddownstream">161.lostworld.downstream</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/lostworl.svx">161.Triassic.LostWorl</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lostworlddownstream2">161.lostworld.downstream2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/lostworl.svx">161.Triassic.LostWorl</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lostworlddownstream3">161.lostworld.downstream3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/lostworl.svx">161.Triassic.LostWorl</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lostworldupstream">161.lostworld.upstream</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/lostworl.svx">161.Triassic.LostWorl</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lostworldupstream2">161.lostworld.upstream2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/lostworl.svx">161.Triassic.LostWorl</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="lyingdown">161.lyingdown</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/deadbats.svx">161.PHumour.DeadBats</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 130-131</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="magic2">161.magic2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/magicjum.svx">161.Triassic.MagicJum</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="magicjumars">161.magicjumars</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/magicjum.svx">161.Triassic.MagicJum</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="midnght1">161.Midnght1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/midnight.svx">161.North.Midnight</a></td><td>1998 KH pp 59-62</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="midnght2">161.Midnght2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/midnight.svx">161.North.Midnight</a></td><td>1998 KH pp</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="mike">161.mike</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1989 pp 9-12</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="minoan">161.minoan</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/triassic.svx">161.Triassic.Triassic</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 116-117</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="minoancon">161.minoancon</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/intrview.svx">161.Triassic.Intrview - but commented out</a></td><td>1996 KH p 179</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="missip">161.missip</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/missip.svx">161.France.Missip</a></td><td>1994 pp 192-197</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="mohr">161.mohr</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/missip.svx">161.France.Missip</a></td><td>1994 pp 198-201</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="moreloopy">161.moreloopy</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/loopy.svx">161.PHumour.Loopy</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 130-131</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="mostlymud">161.MostlyMud</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/pipeless.svx">161.North.Pipeless</a></td><td>1992 pp 112-113</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="natural">161.natural</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/natural.svx">161.PHumour.Natural</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 94-95, 79</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="nightsoil">161.nightsoil</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/nights.svx">161.RHR.NightS</a></td><td>1994 pp 184-191</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="notalgeria">161.NotAlgeria</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/vertfran.svx">161.France.VertFran</a></td><td>1992 pp 130-131, 118a</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="notwhat">161.notwhat</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/notwhat.svx">161.RHR.NotWhat</a></td><td>1994 pp 182-183</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="oldp2">161.OldP2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/oldp2.svx">161.Top.OldP2</a></td><td>1988 (almost all superseded)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="olympuspt1">161.olympus.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/olympus.svx">161.RHR.Olympus</a></td><td>1989 pp 42-43</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="olympuspt2">161.olympus.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/olympus.svx">161.RHR.Olympus</a></td><td>1989 pp 47-51</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="oral">161.oral</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/oral.svx">161.RHR.Oral</a></td><td>1995 pp 1-3</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="orient">161.orient</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/orient.svx">161.France.Orient</a></td><td>1993 pp 155-161</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="overflow">161.OverFlow</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/ovflow.svx">161.Triassic.Ovflow</a></td><td>1998 KH pp 56-58</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="palace">161.palace</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/palace.svx">161.Triassic.Palace</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 164-165</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pfbypass">161.pfbypass</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/deadbats.svx">161.PHumour.DeadBats</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 112,107</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pipeless">161.Pipeless</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/pipeless.svx">161.North.Pipeless</a></td><td>1992 pp 126-129</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pitpendpt1">161.PitPend.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/pitpend.svx">161.RHR.PitPend</a></td><td>1990 pp 8-10</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pitpendpt2">161.PitPend.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/pitpend.svx">161.RHR.PitPend</a></td><td>1990 p 10</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pitpendpt3">161.PitPend.pt3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/pitpend.svx">161.RHR.PitPend</a></td><td>1990 p 96 (p8)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pntless">161.Pntless</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/arrow.svx">161.LHR.Arrow</a></td><td>1993 pp 164-165</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="potgold">161.PotGold</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/pog.svx">161.RHR.POG</a></td><td>1989 pp 52-56</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="powerstn">161.PowerStn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/powerstn.svx">161.LHR.PowerStn</a></td><td>1990 pp 90-93</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ppot">161.ppot</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/bisfac.svx">161.France.BisFac</a></td><td>1995 pp 14-15</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="psycho">161.Psycho</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/psychost.svx">161.North.PsychoSt</a></td><td>1998</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ptchrp1">161.PtchRp.1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/arrow.svx">161.LHR.Arrow</a></td><td>1993 pp 148-151</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ptchrp2">161.PtchRp.2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/arrow.svx">161.LHR.Arrow</a></td><td>1993 pp 162-163</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="pudding">161.pudding</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/pudding.svx">161.PHumour.Pudding</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 128-129</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="ragnarok">161.ragnarok</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/ragnarok.svx">161.LHR.Ragnarok</a></td><td>1989 (logbook) 73-74,84-87</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="regurg">161.regurg</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/regurg.svx">161.France.Regurg</a></td><td>1995 pp 26-27</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="repton">161.Repton</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/burble.svx">161.North.Burble</a></td><td>1991 p 77</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="revenge">161.revenge</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/revenge.svx">161.RHR.Revenge</a></td><td>1995 pp 8-9</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="rocky">161.rocky</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/rocky.svx">161.France.Rocky</a></td><td>1994 pp 39-40</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="samfolly">161.samfolly</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/natural.svx">161.PHumour.Natural</a></td><td>1996 KH p 96</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="scarface">161.scarface</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/triassic.svx">161.Triassic.Triassic</a></td><td>1995 pp 49-52</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="semidet">161.semidet</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/chunnel.svx">161.RHR.Chunnel</a></td><td>1995 KH p 69</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="sepfuzzy">161.sep.fuzzy</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/sep.svx">161.North.SEP</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="sepgreengables">161.sep.greengables</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/sep.svx">161.North.SEP</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="seppart2">161.sep.Part2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/sep.svx">161.North.SEP</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="septeama">161.sep.TeamA</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/sep.svx">161.North.SEP</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="septeamb">161.sep.TeamB</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/sep.svx">161.North.SEP</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="shaftmin">161.shaftmin</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/shaftmin.svx">161.PHumour.ShaftMin</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 112,107</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="shafts1">161.shafts1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/catshfts.svx">161.PHumour.Catshfts</a></td><td>1996 (not in book)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="shafts2">161.shafts2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/catshfts.svx">161.PHumour.Catshfts</a></td><td>1996 (not in book)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="sheared">161.Sheared</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/yapate.svx">161.North.Yapate</a></td><td>1990 pp 82-84</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="shopper">161.shopper</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1989 pp 13-15</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="siberia">161.siberia</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/siberia.svx">161.North.Siberia</a></td><td>1994 pp 34-37</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="sidebrown">161.sidebrown</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/browni.svx">161.France.Browni</a></td><td>1994 pp 30-31</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="skeleton">161.skeleton</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/iidriv.svx">161.France.Iidriv</a></td><td>1994 p 32</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="snap">161.Snap</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/dreamtme.svx">161.RHR.DreamTme</a></td><td>1991 pp 92-93</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="snot">161.Snot</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/snot.svx">161.Top.Snot</a></td><td>1991 pp 69-71</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="snug">161.snug</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/snug.svx">161.Triassic.Snug</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 102-103</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="sokbconn">161.SOKBconn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/yapate.svx">161.North.Yapate</a></td><td>1992 p 126</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="spitbot">161.spitbot</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/shaftmin.svx">161.PHumour.ShaftMin</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 112,107,113</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="splattery">161.splattery</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/splat.svx">161.RHR.Splat</a></td><td>1995 pp 4-7</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="squeeze">161.squeeze</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1989 pp 16-19</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="stairway">161.stairway</a></td><td></td><td>renamed HotMC ?</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="stepl">161.stepl</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/browni.svx">161.France.Browni</a></td><td>1994 pp 30-31</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="sultans">161.sultans</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/sultans.svx">161.France.Sultans</a></td><td>1995 pp 10-12</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="suspender">161.suspender</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/missip.svx">161.France.Missip</a></td><td>1995 pp 24-25</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="tapeworm">161.tapeworm</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/tapeworm.svx">161.Triassic.Tapeworm</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 110-111, 172</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="tblocks">161.TBlocks</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/tblocks.svx">161.RHR.TBlocks</a></td><td>1989 pp 30-35</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="tbknoslnk">161.TBKnosLnk</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/tblocks.svx">161.RHR.TBlocks</a></td><td>1989 or later</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="teapot">161.teapot</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/teapot.svx">161.Triassic.Teapot</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 98-100</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="thighs">161.thighs</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/thighs.svx">161.PHumour.Thighs</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 74-79</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="toilet">161.Toilet</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/yapate.svx">161.North.Yapate</a></td><td>1989 pp 39-40</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="toomuchpt1">161.TooMuch.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/toomuch.svx">161.North.TooMuch</a></td><td>1990 pp 21-24</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="toomuchpt2">161.TooMuch.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/toomuch.svx">161.North.TooMuch</a></td><td>1990 pp 43-44</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="toploader">161.toploader</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/toplo.svx">161.France.Toplo</a></td><td>1994 pp 42-43</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="trehala">161.Trehala</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/ragnarok.svx">161.LHR.Ragnarok</a></td><td>1991 pp 84-85</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="triassicpt1">161.triassic.pt1</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/triassic.svx">161.Triassic.Triassic</a></td><td>1995 pp 30-33</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="triassicpt2">161.triassic.pt2</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/triassic.svx">161.Triassic.Triassic</a></td><td>1995 pp 36-41</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="triassicpt3">161.triassic.pt3</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/triassic.svx">161.Triassic.Triassic</a></td><td>1995 pp 57-62</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="twintubs">161.twintubs</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/algeria.svx">161.France.Algeria</a></td><td>1993 pp 178-180</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="tunnock">161.tunnock</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/france/bisfac.svx">161.France.BisFac</a></td><td>1994 (not in book)</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="tyrolia">161.tyrolia</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/136/forbiden.svx">161.136.Forbiden</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 174-175</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="umleitng">161.Umleitng</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/top/entrance.svx">161.Top.Entrance</a></td><td>1990 pp 51-53</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="vadose">161.vadose</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/deadbats.svx">161.PHumour.DeadBats</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 134,133</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="venereal">161.venereal</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/venereal.svx">161.PHumour.Venereal</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 149-150</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="vesta">161.Vesta</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/vesta.svx">161.RHR.Vesta</a></td><td>1990 pp 25-28</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="vestaconn">161.vestaconn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/rhr/notwhat.svx">161.RHR.NotWhat</a></td><td>1994 p 105</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="vompitch">161.VomPitch</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/burble.svx">161.North.Burble</a></td><td>1991 p 78</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="wedge">161.Wedge</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/dehy.svx">161.North.DeHy</a></td><td>1990 pp 73-76</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="welshchoir">161.welshchoir</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/triassic/magicjum.svx">161.Triassic.MagicJum</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="wetconn">161.wetconn</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>19xx</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="wetnappy">161.WetNappy</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/lhr/drunk.svx">161.LHR.Drunk</a></td><td>1989 (logbook) pp 63-67</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="wheretwb">161.wheretwb</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/phumour/wheretwb.svx">161.PHumour.WhereTWB</a></td><td>1996 KH pp 146, 121-122</td></tr>
<tr><td><a name="yapate">161.Yapate</a></td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/161/north/yapate.svx">161.North.Yapate</a></td><td>1989 pp 36-38</td></tr>
<tr><td>161etof</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/etof.svx">Surface.EtoF</a></td><td>1996 KH p 130</td></tr>
<tr><td>161ftod</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/ftod.svx">Surface.FtoD</a></td><td>1996 surface pp 17-19</td></tr>
<tr><td>162</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/vskcaves/162.svx">VSKcaves.162</a></td><td>1990 pp 69-71</td></tr>
<tr><td>163</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/vskcaves/163.svx">VSKcaves.163</a></td><td>1990 pp 59,61</td></tr>
<tr><td>164Conn</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/164surf.svx">Surface.164Surf</a></td><td>1996 surface p 16</td></tr>
<tr><td>164Surf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/164surf.svx">Surface.164Surf</a></td><td>1988</td></tr>
<tr><td>180to161c</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/180-161c.svx">Surface.180-161c</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td>182to183</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/182area.svx">Surface.182Area</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182to184</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/182area.svx">Surface.182Area</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182toTC</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/182area.svx">Surface.182Area</a></td><td>1991</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Amnesia</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/amnesia.svx">182.Amnesia</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Brute</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/brutefor.svx">182.BruteFor</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Claustro</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/claustro.svx">182.Claustro</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.ClaustroLink</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/claustro.svx">182.Claustro</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.DotToDot</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/dottodot.svx">182.DotToDot</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Ent2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/ent2.svx">182.Ent2</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Ent2link</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/ent2.svx">182.Ent2</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Entrance</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/entrance.svx">182.Entrance</a></td><td>1991</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.OTT</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/overshel.svx">182.OverShel</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Piezo</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/piezo.svx">182.Piezo</a></td><td>1991</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Piezo2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/piezo2.svx">182.Piezo2</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.QSClink</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/quark.svx">182.Quark</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Quark</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/quark.svx">182.Quark</a></td><td>1991</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Strike2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/strike2.svx">182.Strike2</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.Sump</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/sump.svx">182.Sump</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.YorkRip</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/yorkrip.svx">182.YorkRip</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>182.YorkTop</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/182/yorktop.svx">182.YorkTop</a></td><td>19</td></tr>
<tr><td>183.lower</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/183.svx">Plateau.183</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>183.upper</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/183.svx">Plateau.183</a></td><td>1992</td></tr>
<tr><td>186toTC</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/186totc.svx">Surface.186toTC</a></td><td>1997</td></tr>
<tr><td>2yrgest</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/vskcaves/2yrgest.svx">VSKcaves.2yrgest</a></td><td>1990 pp 54-57</td></tr>
<tr><td>40to88</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/40to88.svx">Surface.40to88</a></td><td>VfHO</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.115Ent</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/115top.svx">41.CUCC.115top</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.12Foot</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/stream.svx">41.CUCC.Stream</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.142Bcha</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p142.svx">41.CUCC.P142</a></td><td>1985</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.142Ent</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p142.svx">41.CUCC.P142</a></td><td>1983</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.142side</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p142.svx">41.CUCC.P142</a></td><td>1983</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.142to41</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p142.svx">41.CUCC.P142</a></td><td>1983</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.143</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p143.svx">41.CUCC.P143</a></td><td>1983 logbook from AW2 1-12</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.144main</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p144.svx">41.CUCC.P144</a></td><td>1983 logbook from AW2 15-26</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.144to41</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p144.svx">41.CUCC.P144</a></td><td>1985</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.41Ent</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/41main.svx">41.CUCC.41main</a></td><td>1980</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.41fiction</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/fiction.svx">41.CUCC.Fiction (* invented numbers)</a></td><td>1997*</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.41to142</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/p142.svx">41.CUCC.P142</a></td><td>1985</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.41to143</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/41side.svx">41.CUCC.41side</a></td><td>1984 AW2 32-36</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.41ToRift</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/41main.svx">41.CUCC.41main</a></td><td>1980</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.Bypass</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/phreas.svx">41.CUCC.Phreas</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.Commando</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/stream.svx">41.CUCC.Stream</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.Confluence</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/stream.svx">41.CUCC.Stream</a></td><td>1981</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.Futility</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/115mid.svx">41.CUCC.115top</a></td><td>1983</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.Orgasm</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/stream.svx">41.CUCC.Stream</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>41.Purgatory</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/41/cucc/115mid.svx">41.CUCC.115top</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>82to97</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/colto97.svx">Surface.ColTo97</a></td><td>1984 AW2 45-48</td></tr>
<tr><td>87ext</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/p87.svx">Stoger.P87</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>87upper</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/p87.svx">Stoger.P87</a></td><td>1980 AW1</td></tr>
<tr><td>88atlas</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/p88.svx">Stoger.P88</a></td><td>up to April 1995<br>
(Obsoleted by real data)</td></tr>
<tr><td>90to94</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/neartc.svx">Surface.NearTC</a></td><td>1998 surf pp</td></tr>
<tr><td>adsurf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/btocsurf.svx">Surface.BtoCsurf</a></td><td>1990 pp 1-2</td></tr>
<tr><td>B8to101</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/tcto171.svx">Surface.TCto171</a></td><td>1998 surf pp 51-2</td></tr>
<tr><td>BtoC</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/btocsurf.svx">Surface.BtoCsurf</a></td><td>1990 pp 85-89</td></tr>
<tr><td>colto11</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/colto11.svx">Surface.ColTo11</a></td><td>1996 surface pp 31-32</td></tr>
<tr><td>colto145</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/colto97.svx">Surface.ColTo97</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>Donner.pt1</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/vskcaves/p158.svx">VSKCaves.P158</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>Donner.pt2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/vskcaves/p158.svx">VSKCaves.P158</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>Eis</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/eishohle.svx">Stoger.EisHohle</a></td><td>reverse engineered, 1996</td></tr>
<tr><td>EisSurf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/eissurf.svx">Surface.EisSurf</a></td><td>1991 Austrian data</td></tr>
<tr><td>EisSVH</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/eissvh.svx">Stoger.EisSVH</a></td><td>1991 Austrian data</td></tr>
<tr><td>GPS</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/fixedpts/gps.svx">FixedPts.GPS</a></td><td>1996</td></tr>
<tr><td>GPSAV</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/fixedpts/gps.svx">FixedPts.GPS</a></td><td>1996</td></tr>
<tr><td>GPSbestfit</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/fixedpts/gps.svx">FixedPts.GPS</a></td><td>1996</td></tr>
<tr><td>Hillside.82</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/41tobunt.svx">Surface.41toBunt</a></td><td>1982 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>Hillside.83</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/41tobunt.svx">Surface.41toBunt</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>Hillside.87</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/bunttop0.svx">Surface.BunttoP0</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>KanSurf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/kansurf.svx">Surface.KanSurf</a></td><td>1990 p 3</td></tr>
<tr><td>LardySurf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/tcto171.svx">Surface.TCto171</a></td><td>1998 surf p 58</td></tr>
<tr><td>Laser</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/fixedpts/laser.svx">FixedPts.Laser</a></td><td>1987&amp;199x</td></tr>
<tr><td>Lerche</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/lerche.svx">Stoger.Lerche</a></td><td>via Thilo</td></tr>
<tr><td>LookFutile</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/lookfut.svx">Surface.LookFut</a></td><td>1983 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>NaseToTC</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/nasetotc.svx">Surface.NaseToTC</a></td><td>1996 surface pp 26-27</td></tr>
<tr><td>Nipple</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/nipple.svx">Surface.Nipple</a></td><td>1987 or 1988?</td></tr>
<tr><td>Nipto155.pt1</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/p155.svx">Surface.P155</a></td><td>1985</td></tr>
<tr><td>Nipto155.pt2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/p155.svx">Surface.P155</a></td><td>1987?</td></tr>
<tr><td>Plastic</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/eiscucc.svx">Stoger.EisCUCC</a></td><td>1998 KH pp</td></tr>
<tr><td>Plastic2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/stoger/eiscucc.svx">Stoger.EisCUCC</a></td><td>1998 KH pp</td></tr>
<tr><td>Schwabsurf</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/map99.svx">Surface.Map99</a></td><td>1995 Arge data</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.1985</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1985</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.1987</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.1987Y</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1987</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.87spur</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1980 AW1</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.pt1</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1982 AW1</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.pt2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1982 logbook</td></tr>
<tr><td>Stogerweg.pt3</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/stoger.svx">Surface.Stoger</a></td><td>1982</td></tr>
<tr><td>Surf161</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/surf161.svx">Surface.Surf161</a></td><td>1988</td></tr>
<tr><td>Surfnr161</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/162to163.svx">Surface.162to163</a></td><td>1990 pp 59,61</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCto171etc</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/tcto171.svx">Surface.TCto171</a></td><td>1996 surface pp 33-36</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCto90</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/neartc.svx">Surface.NearTC</a></td><td>1996 surface pp 3,6</td></tr>
<tr><td>TCtoCol</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/tctocol.svx">Surface.TCtoCol</a></td><td>1992 pp 206-207</td></tr>
<tr><td>wook2</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/plateau/wook2.svx">Plateau.wook2</a></td><td>1996</td></tr>
<tr><td>vd1to161d</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/vd1-161d.svx">Surface.Vd1-161d</a></td><td>1996 surface pp 8-10</td></tr>
<tr><td>VordTo156</td><td><a target="data" href="../../data/surface/p156.svx">Surface.P156</a></td><td>1998 notKH pp</td></tr>
</table>
references:<br>
AW1 small black notebook with red spine in AndyW's archive. Used in 1978, 1980, 1982<br>
AW2 landscape-format brown-hardback notebook in AndyW's archive. Used in 1983, 1984
<hr>
<p><b>History</b>:
<dl>
<dt>1996.12.09<dd>AERW created and updated to end of 1996 expo
<dt>1997.09.03<dd>AERW updated 1997 stuff in line with current organisation
- added year of each survey
<dt>1998.01.25...<dd>AERW reorganised ALL datasets, and changed this index to
reflect this. Now includes all CUCC data, not just 161,
therefore 161. prefix added to the original 161 stuff...
<dt>1998.03.27<dd>AERW added refs to survey book pages whilst in the process
of adding these to the survey files themselves
<dt>1999.04.21<dd>AERW added new/relocated surveys from Expo 1998
</dl>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="index.htm">Surveying Guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Back to <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Back <a href="athome.htm">in the UK</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Kaninchenh&ouml;hle info</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../smkridge/161/names.htm">Glossary of passage names</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Question mark lists</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Currently <a href="../../smkridge/161/qmtodo.htm">awaiting exploration</a>
<br><img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Already <a href="../../smkridge/161/qmdone.htm">pushed</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="../../smkridge/161/qmaven.htm">Avens</a>
(looking unlikely to be scaled)<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../smkridge/161/top.htm">Cave Description</a> - Overview<br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topic pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to 1623 caves</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a>
</body>
</html>

148
handbook/survey/what.htm
View File

@ -1,36 +1,34 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: What is a cave survey?</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
What is a cave survey ?</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>What is a cave survey?</h1>
<p>This may seem like a trivial question - most people who have been caving a
few times have used cave surveys and can get some feel of what the cave is
like from them. But what actually goes into the making of such a "map" ?
few times have used cave surveys and can get some feel of what the cave is like
from them. But what actually goes into the making of such a "map"?</p>
<p>The idea of the survey is to produce a map of the cave that is accurate,
useful for route finding and possible connections (and look pretty). Enough
detail needs to be recorded that every passage is recognisable, whilst those
drawing up the map are aiming to convey a good overall view of the whole cave
- including structure that may be far from obvious in one individual passage.
The survey should also serve as a basis to "add value" like geological
information and clues to how the cave was formed. Some of these aims
conflict with one another when the survey is drawn up, but this is
part of the "art" of survey drawing.
The survey should also serve as a basis to "add value" like geological
information and clues to how the cave was formed. Some of these aims conflict
with one another when the survey is drawn up, but this is part of the "art" of
survey drawing.</p>
<p>Recording the data in the cave is fairly straightforward, if time
consuming. It does help to have an idea of how all the details that you
record will be used. To this end, everyone is encouraged to draw up a survey
to better understand the difficulties and thus to improve the standard of
recording.
recording.</p>
<p>The basic survey is simply a series of <b>straight</b> lines connecting a
number of points together. This is constructed by measuring the distance
@ -40,90 +38,78 @@ from, as long as the notes make clear which end is <b>from</b> and which is
<b>to</b>. Taking readings from alternate ends, called <b>leapfrogging</b>,
is often the most efficient way to proceed, and helps mitigate <b>some</b>
systematic errors. (ie. start 1 to 2, then 3 to 2, 3 to 4, then 5 to 4, 5 to
6 etc.)
6 etc.)</p>
<p>Around this centre-line we need to draw passage detail in both plan and
elevation - recording the dimensions and sketch of the cave. Easy.
elevation - recording the dimensions and sketch of the cave. Easy.</p>
<p>However, the amount of information collectable is infinite and due to
cold, impending exhaustion and rapid approach of call-out or derigging, time
may be short. The handbook (in "<a href="how.htm">Methods: underground</a>")
sets out what is considered the essential information and a few ways to
<p>However, the amount of information collectable is infinite and due to cold,
impending exhaustion and rapid approach of call-out or derigging, time may be
short. The handbook (in "<a href="how.htm">Methods: underground</a>") sets out
what is considered the essential information and a few ways to
collect it. Teams of two or three are used. If there are two of you it is
generally accepted that one reads the instruments while the other writes it
down and sketches, each person finds their own survey station. With three,
two people can do as above while the third scouts for stations or one can do
the instruments, one records the figures and the third sketches.
the instruments, one records the figures and the third sketches.</p>
<p>A survey party will never survey everything they see - but you should take
particular care to note junctions, inaccessible passages and other possible
ways on in the survey book. Some idea of how promising the lead is should
always be recorded, as well as how hard it might be to get into. This will
form the basis of the "question mark list" which will guide exploration in
the future. That future may be as soon as another party a few hours behind,
or may be several years later - currently each expedition generates more new
question marks than it mops up old ones.
always be recorded, as well as how hard it might be to get into. This will form
the basis of the "question mark list" which will guide exploration in the
future. That future may be as soon as another party a few hours behind, or may
be several years later - currently each expedition generates more new question
marks than it mops up old ones.</p>
<p>One other aspect of surveying that is not often done whilst in the cave
is writing the passage description. Passage descriptions complement the
survey and may clarify things that cannot easily be shown on the map.
They are also a very useful cross check, helping to pick up some of the
blunders that are occasionally made. They are best written by the party
that does the surveying (though the initial explorers should also write
as good a description as they can), and there is perhaps a lot to be
said for actually doing this on the surveying trip rather than later
back at base camp.
<p>One other aspect of surveying that is not often done whilst in the cave is
writing the passage description. Passage descriptions complement the survey and
may clarify things that cannot easily be shown on the map. They are also a
very useful cross check, helping to pick up some of the blunders that are
occasionally made. They are best written by the party that does the surveying
(though the initial explorers should also write as good a description as they
can), and there is perhaps a lot to be said for actually doing this on the
surveying trip rather than later back at base camp.</p>
<p>Surface surveys are basically similar, with the purpose of mapping the
location of your cave, and how to get there. But there are enough differences
and additional things to consider that they have their
<a href="ontop.htm">own page</a>.
<a href="ontop.htm">own page</a>.</p>
<hr>
<hr />
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook</b>:
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying</b>:
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li>What is a cave survey?</li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>

112
handbook/survey/why.htm
View File

@ -1,21 +1,20 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Rationale</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Why am I doing this? The rationale for surveying what you find</h1>
Why am I doing this ? The rationale for surveying what you find.</h2>
<p>The main aim of the expedition is to explore new passages - to boldly
explore what noone has seen before. Indeed, in many cases, what
noone even suspected was there. This is the fun and excitement of
expo, so why spoil it all by doing tedious activities like surveying ?
explore what noone has seen before. Indeed, in many cases, what noone even
suspected was there. This is the fun and excitement of expo, so why spoil it
all by doing tedious activities like surveying?</p>
<p>Once upon a time, none of the caves were explored. Anything you found was
guaranteed virgin. Now, many of the obvious caves have been looked at. Some
@ -24,7 +23,7 @@ of finding new passage to explore is all down to the folk who came before you
recording what they looked at, both the stuff that went, and the stuff that
didn't. Without detailed recording and surveying of the caves, it would
rapidly become more difficult to find new passage, or to be sure that round
the next corner wouldn't be a load of previous explorers' footprints.
the next corner wouldn't be a load of previous explorers' footprints.</p>
<p>A lot of work is involved in maintaining the lists of caves that didn't
go, the lists of going leads, the cave surveys, the route descriptions and
@ -34,22 +33,22 @@ In the UK this work is done by a dedicated few souls with a long-term
commitment to the Loser plateau. To make their job easier, indeed, to make
their job possible, and thus to ensure that future expeditions have new
passage to find, those actually exploring the caves need also to survey them
and to record what they looked at in a variety of other ways.
and to record what they looked at in a variety of other ways.</p>
<p>Of course, its also rewarding to have a big survey or a cave photograph on
your wall and to be able to point to it and say "I found that !" Good
documentation is also essential to ensure that the club appears competant
when applying for Sports Council money and the like. Indirectly, surveying
makes your holiday cheaper.
makes your holiday cheaper.</p>
<p><b>Surveying ethics</b>. <u>Survey what you find - don't leave it for
someone else</u>. For horizontal stuff, it is usually most effective to
<p><b>Surveying ethics</b>. <em>Survey what you find - don't leave it for
someone else</em>. For horizontal stuff, it is usually most effective to
survey into virgin passage. Don't run off finding loads of cave and then
survey back - this leads to long nights and eventually to poor or incomplete
surveys, and probably to missed call-outs. For vertical stuff, where rigging
is time consuming and you don't find too much in one go, surveying back is
probably warmer, but if you run out of time, energy, morale or lights, make
sure you go back and survey before derigging or pushing more !
sure you go back and survey before derigging or pushing more!</p>
<p>One great advantage of doing the surveying yourself is that a surveying
party inevitably looks more closely at a passage than an exploration party.
@ -57,53 +56,42 @@ This means you are quite likely to find new going leads as a result of doing
the survey. As evidence for this, at one time, the University of Leeds
Speleological Association found more passage in Yorkshire each year than most
other clubs put together. The reason - they had a program of systematically
resurveying known caves, and invariably found previously overlooked ways on.
resurveying known caves, and invariably found previously overlooked ways
on.</p>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Getting a <a href="gps.htm">GPS fix</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook</b>:
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying</b>:
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey?</a></li>
<li>Why am I doing this?</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>