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< title > CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: Laser points< / title >
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< h2 id = "tophead" > CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook< / h2 >
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< h1 > Geographical fixed points on Loser< / h1 >
< p > The coordinate system used by the Austrian Kataster is called the
Gauß + Krü ger Landeskoordinatensystem, which is supposedly
identical to the widely used Universal Transverse Mercator system (Gauß
analysed the projection in 1822 and Krü ger published formulae to
translate to/from Lat/Long in 1912). In our area, this is UTM zone 31. At
least, this was our belief, but we don't seem to be getting perfect agreement
between UTM/31 figures from GPS and the G& K coordinates of fixed
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points... This is probably because the bulk of Austria is in UTM zone 33
which you will see if you use a GPS, which will give coordinates in zone 33T.
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Hmmmm.< / p >
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< p > Within this system, there are a number of triangulation points surveyed
purely for the purpose of locating caves: these are the
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Katastertriangulierungspunkte, or KT points. A point to watch when reading the
Austrian literature is that the numbers labelled X and Y are the opposite way
round from what seems normal to most people, ie. X is the northing and Y is the
easting. The X coordinate, when quoted in full, is actually the distance in
metres north of the equator, but usually the leading two digits are omitted, to
give the same number of digits in the two coordinates. When the two extra
digits are quoted, then the coordinates are not the same length, which can
cause confusion if you're used to British National Grid references (where the
east and west coordinates are run together as if a single number).< / p >
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< p > Within our area, a number of derivative points were surveyed (with a laser
rangefinder/theodolite) near to various caves. This work was done in two
sessions, in summer 1987 (with CUCC) and in 199x (with ArGe?). The points are
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marked with spits in the rock, and originally with some form of flagging tape.
However, those which aren't right next to well-known caves are now proving
quite hard to find in the field, at least partly owing to some very poor
sketching of their locations.< / p >
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< p > For these derived points, the main number is just a sequence number. The
ones which were derived via an intermediate derived point (rather than
directly from KT points) have a prefix indicating the point from which they
were derived. Hence, for example, point 7/9 on the 201 path near
Elchhö hle, was the ninth derived point, and was found by theodoliting
and rangefinding from point 7, on the Brä uning Nase. This numbering
makes it easier, if one point is found to be in error, to work out which ones
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were derived from it and will therefore also be wrong.< / p >
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< p > As far as we are aware, all of these points which we have visited are
correct, with the exception of 7/11 on the col (ie. the most useful point,
nearest Top Camp), which seems to be out by an angular error of 25 or 26°
from the Nase point. In the table, point 14/16 is also noted as possibly
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being dodgy, but we have no real indication of why.< / p >
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< p > Expo (and indeed, the kataster) has now moved over to using the same system as
the rest of the world, ie. UTM based on the WGS84 datum. So it is unfortunate that
the points in the table below haven't been translated (and neitehr, it seems have
the ones in the survex files). Various people at various times have located the points
with GPS, and those fixes I've found are also included here in UTM zone 33T form.< / p >
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< table class = "trad" >
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< tr > < td > point< / td > < td > Y (east)< / td > < td > X (north)< / td > < td > Altitude< / td > < td > where ?< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > KT114-96< / td > < td > 36670.37< / td > < td > (52)83317.43< / td > < td > 1903.97< / td > < td > Hinterer Schwarzmooskogel Trig point< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 0< / td > < td > 36386.56< / td > < td > (52)82804.16< / td > < td > 1815.45< / td > < td > Hilfstandpunkt (hillock N of < a href = "../../1623/161/top.htm" > 161< / a > )< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 0/1< / td > < td > 36093.56< / td > < td > (52)82337.43< / td > < td > 1782.35< / td > < td > Between < a href = "../../1623/156/156.html" > 156< / a > and < a href = "../../1623/201.htm" > 201< / a > cloth labelled "0/1" replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/1" (1999)< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 0/2< / td > < td > 36029.92< / td > < td > (52)82432.14< / td > < td > 1750.06< / td > < td > Near< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 0/3< / td > < td > 35866.51< / td > < td > (52)82424.03< / td > < td > 1710.16< / td > < td > Near< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 0/4< / td > < td > 35927.72< / td > < td > (52)82537.57< / td > < td > 1687.45< / td > < td > < a href = "../../1623/145/145.html" > Wolfhö hle< / a > < / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 0/5< / td > < td > 36005.96< / td > < td > (52)82782.82< / td > < td > 1690.70< / td > < td > up gully and left from < a href = "../../1623/107.htm" > 107< / a >
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tatty cloth replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/5" 1998< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 0/6< / td > < td > 35873.09< / td > < td > (52)82944.29< / td > < td > 1647.78< / td > < td > Near < a href = "../../1623/76/76.htm" > 76< / a > - between the three entrances. Very faded blue cloth replaced with alloy tag "LASER 0/6" in 2006< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 0/6 UTM 33T< / td > < td > 0410719< / td > < td > 52821888< / td > < td > 1652.14< / td > < td > AERW's Oregon 300, 2015-08-03, GPS a foot above the tag< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 0/7< / td > < td > 35419.56< / td > < td > (52)82237.16< / td > < td > 1769.77< / td > < td > Brä uning Nase< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 7/8< / td > < td > 36040.75< / td > < td > (52)81522.72< / td > < td > 1732.39< / td > < td > Felskuppe im Bereich des Vd. Schwarzmooskogel (Weiß e Warze, The Nipple, Bunter's Bulge)< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 7/9< / td > < td > 35395.41< / td > < td > (52)81044.60< / td > < td > 1588.31< / td > < td > Elchhö hle < a href = "../../noinfo/1623/31.htm" > 1623/31< / a > , Punkt am Weg< / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 7/10< / td > < td > 35620.23< / td > < td > (52)81945.22< / td > < td > 1629.97< / td > < td > Kratzer Valley below the col< / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 7/11< / td > < td > 35659.16< / td > < td > (52)82394.55< / td > < td > 1682.67< / td > < td > Schwarzmoossattel (the col) - < i > we believe this is in error< / i > < / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 8/12< / td > < td > 35924.02< / td > < td > (52)81699.80< / td > < td > 1725.04< / td > < td > < / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 8/13< / td > < td > 36171.86< / td > < td > (52)81947.11< / td > < td > 1775.14< / td > < td > < / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 8/14< / td > < td > 36458.17< / td > < td > (52)81700.42< / td > < td > 1689.48< / td > < td > Schwarzmooskogeleishö hle < a href = "../../noinfo/1623/40.htm" > 1623/40a< / a > < / td > < / tr >
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< tr > < td > 14/15< / td > < td > 36464.69< / td > < td > (52)81751.21< / td > < td > 1686.66< / td > < td > < / td > < / tr >
< tr > < td > 14/16< / td > < td > 36558.32< / td > < td > (52)81537.13< / td > < td > 1660.39< / td > < td > (possibly dodgy ?)< / td > < / tr >
< / table >
< p > These fixed points are accessible in the Survex dataset at
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fixedpts/laser.svx.< / p >
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< p > < img src = "../../../icons/roadwk.png" class = "icon" alt = "" / > A description of our own
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surface surveys in the area is under construction, and should eventually
include details of how to find these laserfound points and other fixed
points. Currently, locations of caves in the kataster may be quoted as these
coordinates, or as Latitude/Longitude derived from the Austrian Alpine Club
(OAV) map sheet 15/1, which does not have a grid. Trying to get all these
locations into a single coordinate system is a priority, but will involve
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quite a lot of unglamorous surface surveying, so don't hold your breath...< / p >
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< p > In some Austrian literature, the easting quoted is in a system labelled
BMN. The Easting grid line +36000 (Gauß + Krü ger, M31) is the
same as BMN 486000, and translation appears to be a matter of simple
addition or subtraction, though it may prove to be more complex than this
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over a large enough area, as already indicated by GPS work...< / p >
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< hr / >
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< ul id = "links" >
< li > < b > Expedition Handbook:< / b >
< ul >
< li > Expo Handbook < a href = "../index.htm" > Introduction< / a > < / li >
< li > < b > Surveying:< / b >
< ul >
< li > Surveying < a href = "index.htm" > Overview< / a > and index of
topics< / li >
< li > < a href = "what.htm" > What is a cave survey?< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "why.htm" > Why am I doing this?< / a > < / li >
< li > Methods: < a href = "how.htm" > underground< / a > < / li >
< li > Pitfalls to avoid, < a href = "hints.htm" > hints'n'tips< / a > to
make life easier< / li >
< li > Methods: < a href = "ontop.htm" > surface< / a > < / li >
< li > Base Camp: < a href = "getin.htm" > getting it in< / a > to the
computer< / li >
< li > Base Camp: < a href = "drawup.htm" > drawing it up< / a > , writing
the description< / li >
< / ul > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../look4.htm" > Prospecting guide< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../rescue.htm" > Rescue guide< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../rigit.htm" > Rigging guide< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../photo.htm" > Photography guide< / a > < / li >
< / ul > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../../infodx.htm" > Index to info/topics pages< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../../indxal.htm" > Full Index to area 1623< / a >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "../../areas.htm" > Area/subarea descriptions< / a > < / li >
< / ul > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../../index.htm" > Back to Expedition Intro page< / a > < / li >
< li > < a href = "../../../index.htm" > Back to CUCC Home page< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
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