diff --git a/core/views/caves.py b/core/views/caves.py
index 3bdc6f4..d7699d0 100644
--- a/core/views/caves.py
+++ b/core/views/caves.py
@@ -46,7 +46,65 @@ todo = """
   own directory 16xx/NNN/ even if they have no images to put in it.
 """
 
+# def cavepagefwd(request, karea=None, subpath=None):
+    # """archaic, just send to the caves list page
+    # """
+    # return redirect("/caves")
+    
+def get_cave_from_slug(caveslug):
+    """This is the old way of doing it, usingt eh CaveSlug intermediate object which does 
+    the many:many relationship between slugs and caves - whcih we don't do (and never did in practice)
+    """
+    caves = []
+    
+    print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caveslug} ...")
+    areacode = caveslug[:4] # e.g. 1623
+    id = caveslug[5:] # e.g. 161 or 2023-MM-02
+    thisarea = Cave.objects.filter(areacode=areacode) 
+    
+    caves_k = thisarea.filter(kataster_number=id)
+    if len(caves_k) == 1:
+        caves.append(caves_k[0])
+    print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caves_k=} {len(caves_k)=}")
+    
+    caves_id = thisarea.filter(unofficial_number=id)
+    if len(caves_id) == 1:
+         caves.append(caves_id[0])
+    print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caves_id=} {len(caves_id)=}")
+    
+    if len(caves) > 1:
+        print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caveslug} More than 1 \n{caves}")
+    if len(caves) <1:
+         print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caveslug} Nowt found..")
+    cave = caves[0]
+    print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caveslug} FOUND {cave}")
+    
+    try:
+        cave_zero = Cave.objects.get(caveslug__slug=caveslug)
+        print(f"Getting cave from '{caveslug}'")
+        if cave_zero != cave:
+            print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caveslug} BAD DISCREPANCY {cave_zero=} {cave=}")
+        else:
+            print(f"get_cave_from_slug(): {caveslug} SUCCESS")
+            
+        return cave_zero
+    except:
+        return None
+        
+def caveslugfwd(request, slug):
+    """This is ass backwards. It would be better style to have the slug-identified request be the master, and have 
+    other paths redirect to it, rather than what we have here.
+    Pending a change where we remove cave.url as a field and have an explicit fixed convention instead.
+    """
+    if not slug:
+            message = f"Failed to find cave from identifier given: {slug}."
+            return render(request, "errors/generic.html", {"message": message})
 
+    Gcavelookup = GetCaveLookup()
+    if slug in Gcavelookup:
+        cave = Gcavelookup[slug]
+
+    return redirect(f"/{cave.url}")
     
 
 def getCaves(cave_id):
@@ -93,7 +151,7 @@ def pad5(x):
 
 
 def padnumber(x):
-    return re.sub("\d+", pad5, x) # SyntaxWarning: invalid escape sequence '\d'
+    return re.sub(r"\d+", pad5, x) 
 
 
 def numericalcmp(x, y):
@@ -311,24 +369,7 @@ def rendercave(request, cave, slug, cave_id=""):
         )  # crashes here with NoReverseMatch if url not set up for 'edit_cave' in urls.py
         return r
         
-def cavepagefwd(request, karea=None, subpath=None):
-    """archaic, just send to the caves list page
-    """
-    return redirect("/caves")
 
-def caveslugfwd(request, slug):
-    """This is ass backwards. It would be better style to have the slug-identified request be the master, and have 
-    other paths redirect to it, rather than what we have here.
-    Pending a change where we remove cave.url as a field and have an explicit fixed convention instead.
-    """
-    if slug:
-        Gcavelookup = GetCaveLookup()
-        if slug in Gcavelookup:
-            cave = Gcavelookup[slug]
-        else:
-            message = f"Failed to find cave from identifier given: {slug}."
-            return render(request, "errors/generic.html", {"message": message})
-    return redirect(f"/{cave.url}")
     
 def cavepage(request, karea=None, subpath=None):
     """Displays a cave description page
@@ -368,9 +409,7 @@ def cavepage(request, karea=None, subpath=None):
         subparts = parts[0].split(".")
         caveid = subparts[0] 
         slug = f"{karea}-{caveid}"
-        caves = Cave.objects.filter(caveslug__slug=slug)
-        if len(caves) == 1:
-            cave = caves[0]
+        if cave:= get_cave_from_slug(slug): # walrus operator
             return redirect(f"/{cave.url}")
         else:
             return redirect(f"/caves")
@@ -410,31 +449,31 @@ def edit_cave(request, path="", slug=None):
     """
     print(f"edit_cave(): {path=} {slug=}")
     message = ""
-    if slug is not None:
-        print(f"{slug=}")
-        try:
-            cave = Cave.objects.get(caveslug__slug=slug)
-        except:
-            return render(request, "errors/badslug.html", {"badslug": f"{slug} - from edit_cave()"})
+    if slug is None:
+        cave = Cave() # create a New Cave
     else:
-        cave = Cave()
+        print(f"{slug=}")
+        if not (cave:= get_cave_from_slug(slug)): # walrus operator
+            return render(request, "errors/badslug.html", {"badslug": f"for cave {caveslug} - from edit_cave()"})
+        
     if request.POST:
         form = CaveForm(request.POST, instance=cave)
         #ceFormSet = CaveAndEntranceFormSet(request.POST)
         if form.is_valid(): # and ceFormSet.is_valid():
-            # print(f'! POST is valid. {cave}')
+            print(f'edit_cave(): POST is valid. Editing {cave}')
             cave = form.save(commit=False)
-            print(cave)
+            # print(cave)
             if not cave.filename:
                 cave.filename = cave.areacode + "-" + cave.number() + ".html"
             if not cave.url:
                 cave.url = cave.areacode + "/" + cave.number() 
             cave.save()
-            form.save_m2m()
+            form.save_m2m() # this does the many-to-many relationship saving between caves and entrances
             if slug is None:
                 # it is not visible on the form so it always will be None
                 slug = f"{cave.areacode}-{cave.number()}"
                 cs = CaveSlug(cave=cave, slug=slug, primary=True)
+                print(f"edit_cave(): New CaveSlug saved {slug}")
                 cs.save()
             #ceinsts = ceFormSet.save(commit=False)
             #for ceinst in ceinsts:
@@ -450,6 +489,8 @@ def edit_cave(request, path="", slug=None):
             except subprocess.SubprocessError:
                 message = f"CANNOT git on server for this file {cave.filename}. Edits may not be committed.\nAsk a nerd to fix this."
                 return render(request, "errors/generic.html", {"message": message})
+            except:
+                raise
             if cave.entrances().count() > 0:
                 return HttpResponseRedirect("/" + cave.url)
             else:
@@ -458,8 +499,8 @@ def edit_cave(request, path="", slug=None):
     else:
         if slug is not None:
             # re-read cave data from file.
-            #print(f"edit_cave(): {cave=} {cave.filename=}")
-            #print(f"edit_cave(): {cave.slug()=}")
+            print(f"edit_cave(): {cave=} {cave.filename=}")
+            print(f"edit_cave(): {cave.slug()=}")
             if cave.filename:
                 try:
                     read_cave(cave.filename, cave=cave)
@@ -472,7 +513,8 @@ def edit_cave(request, path="", slug=None):
         else:
             form = CaveForm()
             #ceFormSet = CaveAndEntranceFormSet(queryset=CaveAndEntrance.objects.none())
-
+    
+    print(f"edit_cave(): returning render()")
     return render(
         request,
         "editcave.html",
@@ -486,6 +528,7 @@ def edit_cave(request, path="", slug=None):
     )
 
 
+        
 @login_required_if_public
 def edit_entrance(request, path="", caveslug=None, entslug=None):
     """This is the form that edits the entrance data for a single entrance and writes out
@@ -497,6 +540,9 @@ def edit_entrance(request, path="", caveslug=None, entslug=None):
 
     It does save the data into into the database directly, not by parsing the file.
     
+    'path' comes from the urls.py regex but is usually empty (!)
+    So we make the proper path for storing the images ourselves.
+    
     GET RID of all this entranceletter stuff. Far too overcomplexified.
     We don't need it. Just the entrance slug is fine, then check uniqueness.
     """
@@ -526,9 +572,7 @@ def edit_entrance(request, path="", caveslug=None, entslug=None):
             nextletter = chr(ord(letter)+1)
             return check_new_slugname_ok(slug, nextletter) 
 
-    try:
-        cave = Cave.objects.get(caveslug__slug=caveslug)
-    except:
+    if not (cave:= get_cave_from_slug(caveslug)): # walrus operator
         return render(request, "errors/badslug.html", {"badslug": f"for cave {caveslug} - from edit_entrance()"})
 
     if entslug:
@@ -541,7 +585,7 @@ def edit_entrance(request, path="", caveslug=None, entslug=None):
         entrance = None
 
     if entslug:
-        print(f"{caveslug=} {entslug=} {path=} number of ents:{cave.entrances().count()}")
+        print(f"Edit Entrance {caveslug=} {entslug=} {path=} number of ents:{cave.entrances().count()}")
         caveAndEntrance = CaveAndEntrance.objects.get(entrance=entrance, cave=cave)
         entlettereditable = False  
     else:
@@ -556,6 +600,11 @@ def edit_entrance(request, path="", caveslug=None, entslug=None):
       
     print(f"{entlettereditable=}")
     # if the entletter is not editable, then the entletterform does not appear and so is always invalid.
+    
+    print(f"{caveslug=}")
+    print(f"{cave=}")
+    imgpath = Path(path) / cave.areacode / cave.number()
+    print(f"Edit Entrance {imgpath=}")
        
     if request.POST:
         print(f"POST Online edit of entrance: '{entrance}' where {cave=}")
@@ -683,7 +732,7 @@ def edit_entrance(request, path="", caveslug=None, entslug=None):
             "entletter": entletter,
             "entletterform": entletterform, # is unset if not being used
             "entlettereditable": entlettereditable,
-            "path": path + "/", # used for saving images if attached
+            "path": str(imgpath) + "/", # used for saving images if attached
         },
     )
 
@@ -719,9 +768,7 @@ def caveslist(request):
         {"caves": caves, "year": current_expo()},
     )
 def get_entrances(request, caveslug):
-    try:
-        cave = Cave.objects.get(caveslug__slug=caveslug)
-    except:
+    if not (cave:= get_cave_from_slug(caveslug)): # walrus operator
         return render(request, "errors/badslug.html", {"badslug": f"{caveslug} - from get_entrances()"})
     return render(
         request, "options.html", {"year": current_expo(), "items": [(e.entrance.slug(), e.entrance.slug()) for e in cave.entrances()]}
@@ -733,9 +780,7 @@ def caveQMs(request, slug, open=False):
     relies on the template to find all the QMs for the cave specified in the slug, e.g. '1623-161'
     Now working in July 2022
     """
-    try:
-        cave = Cave.objects.get(caveslug__slug=slug)
-    except:
+    if not (cave:= get_cave_from_slug(caveslug)): # walrus operator
         return render(request, "errors/badslug.html", {"badslug": f"{slug} - from caveQMs()"})
 
     if cave.non_public and settings.PUBLIC_SITE and not request.user.is_authenticated:
diff --git a/core/views/editor_helpers.py b/core/views/editor_helpers.py
index 0c3f5b6..9db71c2 100644
--- a/core/views/editor_helpers.py
+++ b/core/views/editor_helpers.py
@@ -26,6 +26,11 @@ THUMBNAIL_HEIGHT = 200
 
 It uses a lot of opinionated Django default magic, none of which I am familiar with.
 Philip
+
+The function image_selector() is only called from a template file doing a popup input form,
+but it stores files directly in expoweb/i /l /t instead of in
+/expoweb/1623/2018-MS-01/i , /l, /t
+so ALL new caves have photos in the smae place, which makes the default upload EXTREMELY CONFUSING
 """
 
 def get_dir(path):
@@ -38,7 +43,10 @@ def get_dir(path):
 
 
 def image_selector(request, path):
-    """Returns available images"""
+    """Returns available images
+    called from 
+    templates/html_editor_scripts_css.html:          $('#image_popup_content').load("{% url 'image_selector' path %}" + path, function() {
+    """
     directory = get_dir(path)
     print(f" - image selector {directory=} {path=}")
     thumbnailspath = Path(settings.EXPOWEB) / directory / "t"
@@ -89,15 +97,23 @@ def reorient_image(img, exif_dict):
 def new_image_form(request, path):
     """Manages a form to upload new images"""
     directory = get_dir(path)
+    print(f"new_image_form():  {directory=}  {path=}")
     if request.method == "POST":
+        print(f"new_image_form():  POST ")
         form = NewWebImageForm(request.POST, request.FILES, directory=directory)
         if form.is_valid():
+            print(f"new_image_form():  form is valid ")
+            print(f"new_image_form():  files: {request.FILES["file_"]}")
             f = request.FILES["file_"]
             binary_data = io.BytesIO()
             for chunk in f.chunks():
                 binary_data.write(chunk)
+            print(f"new_image_form():  binary chnks written")
             i = Image.open(binary_data)
+            print(f"new_image_form():  {i=}")
             if "exif" in i.info:
+                print(f"new_image_form(): exif: {i=}")
+
                 exif_dict = piexif.load(i.info["exif"])
                 i = reorient_image(i, exif_dict)
                 exif_dict['Exif'][41729] = b'1'
@@ -109,13 +125,21 @@ def new_image_form(request, path):
             else:
                 exif = None
             
+            print(f"new_image_form():  No exif problems")
             width, height = i.size
+            print(f"new_image_form():  {i.size=}")
             if width > MAX_IMAGE_WIDTH or height > MAX_IMAGE_HEIGHT:
+                print(f"new_image_form():  rescaling ")
                 scale = max(width / MAX_IMAGE_WIDTH, height / MAX_IMAGE_HEIGHT)
-                i = i.resize((int(width / scale), int(height / scale)), Image.ANTIALIAS)
+                print(f"new_image_form():  rescaling {scale=}")
+                try:
+                    i = i.resize((int(width / scale), int(height / scale)), Image.LANCZOS)
+                except Exception as e:
+                    print(f"new_image_form():  rescaling exception: {e} ")
+                    
+                print(f"new_image_form():  rescaled ")
             tscale = max(width / THUMBNAIL_WIDTH, height / THUMBNAIL_HEIGHT)
-            thumbnail = i.resize((int(width / tscale), int(height / tscale)), Image.ANTIALIAS)
-            
+            thumbnail = i.resize((int(width / tscale), int(height / tscale)), Image.LANCZOS)
             ib = io.BytesIO()
             i = i.convert('RGB')
             i.save(ib, format="jpeg", quality = 75)
@@ -123,6 +147,7 @@ def new_image_form(request, path):
             thumbnail = thumbnail.convert('RGB')
             thumbnail.save(tb, format="jpeg", quality = 70)
             image_rel_path, thumb_rel_path, desc_rel_path = form.get_rel_paths()
+            print(f"new_image_form(): \n {image_rel_path=}\n {thumb_rel_path=}\n {desc_rel_path=}")
             image_page_template = loader.get_template("image_page_template.html") # this is the .html file in the /l/ folder
             image_page = image_page_template.render(
                 {
@@ -149,14 +174,21 @@ def new_image_form(request, path):
                     f"{change_message} - online adding of an image",
                 )
             except WriteAndCommitError as e:
+                print(f"new_image_form(): WriteAndCommitError: {e.message}")
                 return JsonResponse({"error": e.message})
+            except Exception as e:
+                print(f"new_image_form(): EXCEPTION: {e.message}")
+                return JsonResponse({"error": e.message})
+                
             linked_image_template = loader.get_template("linked_image_template.html")
             html_snippet = linked_image_template.render(
                 {"thumbnail_url": f"/{thumb_rel_path}", "page_url": f"/{desc_rel_path}"}, request
             )
             return JsonResponse({"html": html_snippet})
     else:
+        print(f"new_image_form():  not POST ")
         form = NewWebImageForm(directory=directory)
+    print(f"new_image_form():  POST and not POST ")
     template = loader.get_template("new_image_form.html")
     htmlform = template.render({"form": form, "path": path}, request)
     return JsonResponse({"form": htmlform})
diff --git a/templates/dataformat/cave.xml b/templates/dataformat/cave.xml
index c6032f0..e2bf6dd 100644
--- a/templates/dataformat/cave.xml
+++ b/templates/dataformat/cave.xml
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ the form documented at
 <br>
 
 <cave>
-<non_public>{{ cave.non_public }}</non_public>{% for slug in cave.caveslug_set.all %}<!-- 'False' or 'True'. True if the cave should only be visible to logged-in users. Caves are normally public, so enter 'False' unless you know otherwise. -->
-<!--<caveslug>{{ slug.slug|default_if_none:"1623-000"|safe }}</caveslug>{% endfor %}--> <!-- Ignored. No longer required, we use the filename instead e.g. 1623-315 for 1623-315.html  -->
+<non_public>{{ cave.non_public }}</non_public><!-- 'False' or 'True'. True if the cave should only be visible to logged-in users. Caves are normally public, so enter 'False' unless you know otherwise. -->
+<!--<caveslug>{{ slug.slug|default_if_none:"1623-000"|safe }}</caveslug>--> <!-- Ignored. No longer required, we use the filename instead e.g. 1623-315 for 1623-315.html  -->
 <official_name>{{ cave.official_name|default_if_none:""|safe }}</official_name><!-- Name of the cave (normally in German)  Use &uuml; for u+Umlaut and &ouml; for o+umlaut eg H&ouml;hle for Hohle and Gl&uuml;ck for Gluck-->
 <area>{{cave.areacode |safe }}</area><!-- e.g. "1623" -->
 <kataster_code>{{ cave.kataster_code|default_if_none:"-"|safe }}</kataster_code><!-- 'length-or-depth/type exploration'
diff --git a/urls.py b/urls.py
index bd39efb..e0fdf8c 100644
--- a/urls.py
+++ b/urls.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ from django.conf.urls.static import static
 from troggle.core.views import statistics, survex
 from troggle.core.views.auth import expologin, expologout
 from troggle.core.views.caves import (cave3d, caveindex, entranceindex, caveslist,
-                                      cavepage, caveslugfwd, cavepagefwd, caveQMs, edit_cave, cave_debug,
+                                      cavepage, caveslugfwd, caveQMs, edit_cave, cave_debug,
                                       edit_entrance, get_entrances, qm, expo_kml, expo_kmz)
 from troggle.core.views.drawings import dwgallfiles, dwgfilesingle
 from troggle.core.views.editor_helpers import image_selector, new_image_form
@@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ trogglepatterns = [
     # Note that urls eg '/1623/161/l/rl89a.htm' are handled by cavepage which redirects them to 'expopage'    
     # Note that _edit$ for a cave description page in a subfolder e.g. /1623/204/204.html_edit  gets caught here and breaks with 404
     
-    # These re-enable archaic URLs which are in old web pages which are still public on other servers
-    path('smkridge/<path:subpath>',  cavepagefwd,  {'karea': "1623"}, name="cavepagefwd"), 
-    path('expo/smkridge/<path:subpath>',  cavepagefwd,  {'karea': "1623"}, name="cavepagefwd"), 
+    # These re-enable archaic URLs which are in old web pages which may still be public on other servers - old
+    # path('smkridge/<path:subpath>',  cavepagefwd,  {'karea': "1623"}, name="cavepagefwd"), 
+    # path('expo/smkridge/<path:subpath>',  cavepagefwd,  {'karea': "1623"}, name="cavepagefwd"), 
 
     # Archaic, kept. This /expo/ prefix only works for expoweb HTML pages not troggle pages   
     path('expo/<path:path>',              expopage,     name="expopage"),