CUCC Expedition Handbook - Your laptop
Setting up a machine for Expo
Overview
The main things you need to do to get set up are:
- Install software to access version control and edit/view caving data.
- Register an SSH key with the expo server (i.e 'get a login').
- Download the expo repositories so you have the files on your machine.
For a quicker, shorter guide to only the most basic setup, see the
first.
This is a complete list for doing software development of survex and tunnel
(but not troggle) as well as accessing expo data and doing survey data reduction.
This page needs to be edited so that the software development stuff is separated
out into separate pages.
So that the people who only want to do cave data stuff
don't see a lot of complex stuff they don't need.
Operating Systems
- You should be able to use any OS (Linux, Windows, Mac) to interact with expo, but it's a bit simpler to get set up using Linux. You can't yet do everything on a phone, but you can do some things.
- The expo laptop uses Debian with the Cinnamon interface, but pretty much any Linux system works fine. This handbook does assume that you are using apt - the Debian package manager - which is good for all Debian-derived Linuxes such as Ubuntu. Old, slow machines without much memory can be very effective with Xubuntu/xfce. If using a Red-Hat-based linux you'll need to work out the equivalent rpm/yum commands.
- Windows machines can do almost everything needed directly in Windows itself (rsync is a problem), but some useful software has no Windows version and you will need to find your own equivalents. There are also some 'gotchas' to look out for due to filesystem differences (e.g letter case). If you have the choice, use Linux. Windows/Linux WSL is as complete as Linux.
- A Windows laptop for expo - a page of more detailed instructions for those who are definitely going to be using a Windows PC or laptop.
- Mac users will need to use the Linux documentation as a guide and work it all out for themselves (and then hopefully update this handbook).
- Android phone apps can be invaluable too.
Long-standing Expo policy is to use open tools and protocols so we can retain control of our own data over the long term. And not to require expo-goers to sign up to external services or spend money on software.
So we use FOSS software.
You can use other software on your own machine if it is format-compatible and exports data in the formats we want,
but all the recommended software here is open source (and please don't install proprietary software on the 'expo laptop').
The list of software:
- git - distributed version control system - already installed on Linux probably
- Filezilla - ftp GUI software with a configuration file to get to the expo server (since October 2021 you can't use ftp:// in a Chrome browser anymore)
- Survex, including the Aven visualisation tool.
- Survex related tools Carto, CaveScript (used by CaveView the 3D browser visualiser).
- Tunnel: 2.5D cave drawing program based on Survex-compatible data which can also read PocketTopo files. (Generally called 'tunnel' even though the project and executable is actually 'tunnelx'.)
- Therion - Therion processes survey data and generates maps or 3D models of caves.
- TopParser - to convert PocketTopo .top files from a DistoX into Therion.
- Footleg Cave Converter - to convert PocketTopo .top files from a DistoX into survex (Java)
- QGIS - A Geographic Information System
- GPSprune - to edit GPS tracks in GPX files (Java).
- Viking - an alternative to GPSprune. The code is on github.
- python, if you are extending troggle or the scripts in expoweb/noinfo/ - already installed on Linux
- python packages you will want to install: [not yet documented]
- qgis3-survex-import - Patrick's plugin to import/export survex .3d files
- Vectr svg - quick and easy sketcher (browser-based, Chrome only) for making rigging topo diagrams: "free forever" committment, but not open source. Please export as svg not jpg or png.
- inkscape-survex - Patrick's plugin to export a traced inkscape line drawing to a survex file.
- inkscape-speleo - plugin to import/export survex, therion and pockettopo files to the drawing package inkscape.
- Imagemagick convert for re-scaling photographs and scanned images and converting from PDF to JPG. (NB you may need to fix this security issue)
Nearly all our Austrian surveys have beeen produced using Tunnel (or were hand-drawn) but many smaller caves and some areas of SMKsystem are done with Therion because Therion does elevations and Tunnel doesn't. Expo has a policy decision on which to use: if it is an entirely new disconnected cave, then use Therion. If it is a passage in a cave where previously we used Tunnel, then use Tunnel. See also Comparison of Tunnel to Other Cave Software.
Note that on a Debian/Ubuntu machine you should normally install the versions that come with the distro (i.e. install using 'apt install xxx', not be downloading things from the above sites
For Linux users only:
- GUI for git - There is a choice on Linux but many people just use the command line.
- Your favourite text editor. gedit is installed on the expo laptop and has syntax highlighting for .svx files too. This works with all GtkSourceView-based editors (thanks to Phil Withnall). Download a local copy of the syntax colourizer survex.lang.
For Windows users only:
None of this works until you set up the key-pair setup using PuTty/Pageant.
- PuTTY including pagent. Version 0.73 was released on 2019-09-29. You need this to generate and to use ssh keys on Windows. Otherwise none of git, scp, ftp or rsync will work. It includes command line tools ssh, scp (pscp) and sFTP (psftp).
- GitHub Desktop for Windows - yes this works with the expo server
- VS Code is a free (but not FOSS) editor with in-built git capability and plug-ins which render git branches graphically. Also available for Linux.
- Git for Windows - not as simple to use as it looks
- GitKraken - Very pretty GUI interface to git, also Linux version.
Times-out for our server unless you buy it but free for university people.
- WinScp can be used as an alternative to Filezilla if you like.
- java - needed for GPSprune and CaveConverter. Has to be installed separately on a Windows machine.
- Notepad++ or any other syntax-highlighting code editor for HTML and python. We have a syntax-highlighter to colourize .svx files, download it: survex.xml.
- python for windows. We moved from python 2.7 to python 3.7 in 2020; but we generally use the Linux environment on Windows machines (WSL) and use the python version there, not the Windows python.
Visual Studio Code editor
A short note about the phenomenon of VS code is in order. Not really for beginners but here are instructions for configuring it for python. In case you didn't know, by 2019 over half of all software developers used this editor for their Linux and Windows work and it is undoubtedly more now.
For Android phones:
You need to register a key with the expo server to get upload (i.e. read/write) access. Do this first, Without it none of git, scp, ftp or rsync will work.
You can do this entirely on your own if you have access to the expo laptop to upload and install the public key generated by your laptop.
On a Windows machine you will need to configure pageant (the putty authentication agent)
to run at startup to load your key. Note that you are loading your private key, the .ppk file, into pageant and that this key never leaves your laptop.
Idiots guide to setting up git for expo
- PDF - Brendan's guide. Uses PuTTy and GitKraken.
The above gets the command-line PuTTY tools (ssd, sftp, pscp) running, but doesn't get rsync working. You might like to try this (untested).
Full illustrated instructions:
When using Windows please, please be excessively careful when naming files and survex names and be exceptionally careful when using rsync.
The handbook has documents where it is necessary to use scp or sftp to manage large files in 'expofiles'.
See Experts: Uploading files,
Uploading files and Uploading GPS tracks.
Only machines which have done the key-pair setup process can do scp, sftp or rsync.
For Linux and WSL Windows users doing software development only:
We run troggle on older, stable versions of software. So you will need to install similarly old software on your development machine. A default Debian install in October 2021 will install v11 (Bullseye) and python3.9 whereas we are still using v10 (Buster) and python3.7 for development. Buster is in LTS support until June 2024. Everything should work of course, but be aware.
- Basic stuff, e.g. after a fresh install of Debian, either natively or under WSL on Windows:
sudo apt install survex
sudo apt install python3
sudo apt install python-is-python3
sudo apt install python3-pip
sudo apt install software-properties-common
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
sudo apt install python3.7 python3.7-venv python3.7-doc binutils binfmt-support
- Survex is a package on debian and ubuntu, and will have been installed as shown above; but it may not be up to date within the distribution. If you need a later version of survex than the pone packaged with debian then you need to attach to a ppa to get the latest survex:
ubuntu and debian download. This is also the version to use on WSL for doing 'cavern' command-line things in WSL (such as doing troggle imports of all the svx data)
Cheap hack for Linux
On a Linux machine, it will not be necessary once you have everything set-up correctly, but
a useful initial short-cut is to create 'mimic' symbolic links to directories to match those on the
server and the expo laptop.
(You should not rely on these as other people will have set up their machines differently.)
So, assuming that you are storing /expofiles/ on a different drive /mnt/f/ from everything else which is on /mnt/c/, and your machine has
no user expo:
d /home
sudo mkdir expo
cd expo
sudo ln -s /mnt/f/expofiles expofiles
sudo ln -s /mnt/c/EXPO/expoweb expoweb
sudo ln -s /mnt/c/EXPO/troggle troggle
sudo ln -s /mnt/c/EXPO/loser loser
sudo ln -s /mnt/c/EXPO/drawings drawings
sudo ln -s /mnt/c/EXPO/expowebcache expowebcache
sudo mkdir expowebcache/3d
cd ..
ls -tlA expo
where obviously you will be using your own locations for expofiles, expoweb, loser etc. instead of /mnt/d/EXPO... etc. This creates valid directory paths for, e.g. /home/expo/loser etc.
Learning how to use this software
Cheat lists and quick reminders
Logins to external systems
#expo - public. An open-access
open-access IRC channel
(ephemeral, not archived) for real-time discussions about everything but mostly software people. If you are having trouble using the software try here first.
- Github - You'll need an account if you want to use this.
- Expo issues list - Issues with data reduction for recent expos and software updates for tunnel
- Bitbucket - create an account to help develop tunnel.
- Trac issue tracker and wiki for developing survex. You'll need a login to file bugs there.
Some expo survey stuff is tracked externally:
Complementary tools
When maintaining the HTML files in the expo handbook a link-checker is useful to report bad URLs (links to external sites go bad regularly) and to find orphaned pages with no in-links. The website has about 2,000 internal URLs in just the Tunnel wiki section alone.