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<h2 id="tophead">CUCC Expedition Handbook</h2>
<h1>Useful vocabulary</h1>

<p>This table of approximate translations is provided for a variety of
reasons such as:</p>

<ol>
<li>If you are a non-English-speaker, it may help to clarify some terms.</li>
<li>If you are an English-speaker it may help you read foreign guidebooksQ
or cave descriptions/surveys.</li>
<li>It was here on disc, and a shame to waste it. :-)</li>
</ol>

<p>It is somewhat remedial, and very biased towards mountaineering rather
than caving at the moment. However, it is being put in &quot;as is&quot; in
the hope that it will be more useful to Expo on the site than on my
hard disc in the UK ! I'm afraid that your browser will need to do tables
for it to be any use at all :-(</p>

<p>Note: the Infomatics Commission of the Union Internationale de
Sp&eacute;l&eacute;ologie has established a Cavers' Dictionary
Working Group, which should eventually build something a lot more
useful than this. The
<a href="http://www.uisic.uis-speleo.org/lexintro.html">current
version</a> (August 2000) is edition 6, now covering eight languages.
I'll be adding some terms from this as time goes by...</p>

<table class="trad">
<tr><th>English</th>
<th>German</th>
<th>French</th>
<th>Spanish</th></tr>

<tr><td>Abseil</td>
<td>Abseilung</td>
<td>Rappel</td>
<td>Rapel</td></tr>

<tr><td>Aid</td>
<td>Hilfsmittel</td>
<td>Aide</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Aiguille<br />needle</td>
<td>Nadel, Spitze</td>
<td>Aiguille</td>
<td>Aguja, Torre Rocosa,<br />Campanario</td></tr>

<tr><td>Alluvium</td>
<td>Alluvium</td>
<td>Alluvion</td>
<td>Aluvi&oacute;n</td></tr>

<tr><td>Altitude<br />.. of summit</td>
<td>[See]h&ouml;he<br />Bergh&ouml;he</td>
<td>Altitude, Hauter<br />&Eacute;l&eacute;vation de la Mont.</td>
<td>Altitud<br />Altura de Nevado</td></tr>

<tr><td>Arete<br />knife edge ..</td>
<td>Grat, Kamm</td>
<td>Ar&acirc;te</td>
<td>Arista<br />Cuchilla (Mex)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Around (other side)</td>
<td>Umher</td>
<td>Autour</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Ascent<br /><br />alpine ..<br />first ..<br />1st recorded</td>
<td>Beisteigung,<br />Begehung<br /><br />Erstbesteigung<br />
Erst Berichtete Besteigung</td>
<td>Ascension<br /><br />.. alpine<br />premi&egrave;re ..<br />.. enregistr&eacute;e</td>
<td>Ascensi&oacute;n,<br />Subida,Escalada<br />.. alpina<br />primera ..<br />
.. registrada</td></tr>

<tr><td>Avalanche</td>
<td>Lawine</td>
<td>Avalanche</td>
<td>Alud, Avalancha</td></tr>

<tr><td>Belay<br />(verb)</td>
<td>Sicherung<br />Sichern</td>
<td>Relais<br />Assurer</td>
<td>Asegurar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Bergschrund</td>
<td>Bergschrund, Randkluft</td>
<td>Rimaye</td>
<td>Rimaya(M&eacute;x.)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Bivouac</td>
<td>Biwak</td>
<td>Bivouac</td>
<td>Vivac</td></tr>

<tr><td>Blocky</td>
<td>Block Ger&ouml;ll</td>
<td>D&eacute;sintegrable</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Buttress</td>
<td>Rippe, Pfeiler,<br />Stutze</td>
<td>Pilier</td>
<td>Contrafuerte(M&eacute;x.)<br />Escal&oacute;n, Repisa</td></tr>

<tr><td>Bypass (verb)</td>
<td>Umgehen</td>
<td>D&eacute;vier Contoureur</td>
<td>Desviar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cable crossing</td>
<td>Kabel &Uuml;bergang</td>
<td>Passage &agrave; cable</td>
<td>Oroya</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cairn</td>
<td>Steinmann</td>
<td>Cairn</td>
<td>Pirca</td></tr>

<tr><td>Camp<br />base..<br />high ..</td>
<td>Lager, Biwak<br />basis ..<br />Hochlager</td>
<td>Camp<br />.. de base<br />.. d'altitude</td>
<td>Campamento<br />.. base<br />.. alto</td></tr>

<tr><td>Canyon</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Ca&ntilde;&oacute;n</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cave</td>
<td>H&ouml;hle</td>
<td>Grotte</td>
<td>Cueva</td></tr>

<tr><td>Chimney</td>
<td>Kamin</td>
<td>Chemin&eacute;e</td>
<td>Chimenea</td></tr>

<tr><td>Chockstone</td>
<td>Klemmblock</td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Circa, about</td>
<td>Ungef&auml;hr</td>
<td>Environ, &agrave; peu pres</td>
<td>Cerca de, Hacia</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cirque</td>
<td>Kar, Mulde</td>
<td>Cirque</td>
<td>Circo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Climb<br />(verb)<br />.. up<br />.. down</td>
<td>Klettern<br />Besteigen<br />Ansteigen<br />Absteigen</td>
<td>Escalade<br />Grimper, Escalader<br />Grimper<br />Descendre</td>
<td>Escalada<br />Subir, Escalar<br />Escalar<br />Bajar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Climber<br />alpinist</td>
<td>Bergsteiger</td>
<td>Grimpeur<br />Alpiniste</td>
<td>Escalador<br />Alpinista</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cloud</td>
<td>Wolke</td>
<td>Nuage</td>
<td>Nube</td></tr>

<tr><td>Col</td>
<td>Joch, Sattel, Scharte</td>
<td>Col</td>
<td>Collado, Cuello</td></tr>

<tr><td>Corner</td>
<td>Eck</td>
<td></td>
<td>Esquina</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cornice</td>
<td>W&auml;chte</td>
<td>Corniche</td>
<td>Cornisa</td></tr>

<tr><td>Couloir</td>
<td>Rinne</td>
<td>Couloir</td>
<td>Couloir</td></tr>

<tr><td>Crack<br />finger-crack<br />jam-crack<br />off-width</td>
<td><br /><br /><br /></td>
<td><br /><br /><br /></td>
<td>Grieta, fisura<br /><br /><br /></td></tr>

<tr><td>Crest</td>
<td>Kamm</td>
<td>Cr&acirc;te</td>
<td>Cresta</td></tr>

<tr><td>Crevasse</td>
<td>Gletscherspalte</td>
<td>Crevasse</td>
<td>Grieta, fisura</td></tr>

<tr><td>Cross<br />(verb)</td>
<td>Kreuz<br />Kreuzen</td>
<td>Croix<br />Traverser</td>
<td>Cruzar<br />Atravesar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Descend</td>
<td>Absteigen</td>
<td>Descendre</td>
<td>Bajar, Descender</td></tr>

<tr><td>Descent</td>
<td>Abstieg</td>
<td>Descente</td>
<td>Bajada, Descenso</td></tr>

<tr><td>Detour (verb)</td>
<td>Umweg</td>
<td>D&eacute;tour</td>
<td>Desviar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Dihedral</td>
<td>Verschneidung</td>
<td>Di&egrave;dre</td>
<td>Diedro</td></tr>

<tr><td>Direct</td>
<td>gerade</td>
<td>direct</td>
<td>Directo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Divide, Watershed</td>
<td>Scheide</td>
<td>Ligne de Partage<br />des eaux</td>
<td>Divisoria</td></tr>

<tr><td>Doline</td>
<td>Dolina, Kunntal</td>
<td>Doline</td>
<td>Dolina, Hoya, Jou</td></tr>

<tr><td>Exposed</td>
<td>Ausgesetzt</td>
<td>Expos&eacute;</td>
<td>Expuesto</td></tr>

<tr><td>Exposure</td>
<td></td>
<td>Exposition</td>
<td>Exposici&oacute;n</td></tr>

<tr><td>Face</td>
<td>Flanke, Wand</td>
<td>Face</td>
<td>Pared, Cara</td></tr>

<tr><td>Fall, Peel, Lob</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Caer, Desconchar (wall) - Raspar (skin), Lanzar </td></tr>

<tr><td>Firm (sound)</td>
<td>Fest</td>
<td>Solide</td>
<td>S&oacute;lido</td></tr>

<tr><td>Firn, n&eacute;v&eacute;</td>
<td>Firnfeld</td>
<td>N&eacute;v&eacute;</td>
<td>Campo de Nieve</td></tr>

<tr><td>Fixed rope</td>
<td>Fixes Seil</td>
<td>Corde fixe</td>
<td>Cuerda fija, Cordino</td></tr>

<tr><td>Fluting</td>
<td>Rillenfirn, Geriefeltes Eis</td>
<td>Rimaye</td>
<td>Acanaladura</td></tr>

<tr><td>Fog</td>
<td>Nebel</td>
<td>Brouillard</td>
<td>Niebla</td></tr>

<tr><td>Foresummit</td>
<td>Vorgipfel</td>
<td>Sommet devant<br />Ant&eacute;cima</td>
<td>Antecima</td></tr>

<tr><td>Gendarme</td>
<td>Felsnadel</td>
<td>Gendarme</td>
<td>Gendarme</td></tr>

<tr><td>Glacier<br />hanging ..<br />.. tongue</td>
<td>Gletscher<br />H&auml;nge-..<br />..-Zunge</td>
<td>Glacier<br />.. suspendu<br />Langue de ..</td>
<td>Glaciar<br />.. suspendido<br />Lengua de ..</td></tr>

<tr><td>Group</td>
<td>Gruppe, Mannschaft</td>
<td>Groupe</td>
<td>Cadena, Sistema,<br />Nudo, Grupo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Gully, Ravine</td>
<td>Schlucht</td>
<td></td>
<td>Canal, Ca&ntilde;ada</td></tr>

<tr><td>Hail</td>
<td>Hagel</td>
<td>Gr&acirc;le</td>
<td>Granizo, Pedrisco</td></tr>

<tr><td>Handhold</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Agarre</td></tr>

<tr><td>Hole</td>
<td>Loch</td>
<td>Trou</td>
<td>Agujero</td></tr>

<tr><td>Horn</td>
<td>Horn</td>
<td>Corne</td>
<td>Cuerno</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ice Cap</td>
<td>Eiskappe</td>
<td>Calotte Glaci&egrave;re</td>
<td>Calota</td></tr>

<tr><td>Icefall</td>
<td>Eisbruch</td>
<td>Barre des s&egrave;racs</td>
<td>Caida de Hielo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Icefield</td>
<td>Eisfeld</td>
<td>Glacier</td>
<td>Campo de Hielo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ice plateau</td>
<td>Eis Plateau</td>
<td>Plateau Glaci&egrave;re</td>
<td>Pampa (meseta) de Hielo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Junction<br />(route turns off)</td>
<td>Abzweigung</td>
<td></td>
<td>Cruce, Giro</td></tr>

<tr><td>Knife edge rib</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Cuchilla (M&eacute;x)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Landslide<br />Mudflow/slide</td>
<td>Erdrutsch</td>
<td>Glissement de terrain<br />Coul&eacute;e de Boue</td>
<td>Desprendimiento, Huayaco (LatAm), Derrumbe<br />Aluvi&oacute;n, Huayaco (LatAm)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Lay away</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Layback</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Ledge</td>
<td>Felsvorsprung,<br />brett ?</td>
<td>plateforme rocheuse</td>
<td>Plataforma</td></tr>

<tr><td>Lesser</td>
<td>Niedriger</td>
<td>Moins</td>
<td>Menor</td></tr>

<tr><td>Limestone<br />.. pavement</td>
<td>Kalk<br />Karren</td>
<td>calcaire<br />Lapies</td>
<td>Caliza, Calc&aacute;rea<br />Lapiaz</td></tr>

<tr><td>Loose (Chossy)</td>
<td>Locker</td>
<td>Friable</td>
<td>Flojo, Suelto</td></tr>

<tr><td>Main</td>
<td>Haupt</td>
<td>Principal</td>
<td>Principal</td></tr>

<tr><td>Mantleshelf</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Massif</td>
<td>Gebirgsmassiv, Gruppe</td>
<td>Massif</td>
<td>Macizo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Mist</td>
<td>Nebel</td>
<td>Brouillard</td>
<td>Neblina</td></tr>

<tr><td>Moraine</td>
<td>Mor&auml;ne</td>
<td>Moraine</td>
<td>Morrena</td></tr>

<tr><td>Mountaineer</td>
<td>Bergsteiger</td>
<td>Alpiniste</td>
<td>Monta&ntilde;ero, Alpinista, Pirine&iacute;sta</td></tr>

<tr><td>Mud</td>
<td>Schlamm, Morast</td>
<td>Boue</td>
<td>Barro, Lodo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Muddy</td>
<td>schlammig, schmutzig</td>
<td>Boueux, Fangeux</td>
<td>Fangoso</td></tr>

<tr><td>Muleteer</td>
<td>Eseltreiber,Saumer</td>
<td>M&ucirc;letier</td>
<td>Arriero</td></tr>

<tr><td>Needle</td>
<td>Nadel</td>
<td>Aiguille</td>
<td>Aguja, Cuerno</td></tr>

<tr><td>On the way</td>
<td>Auf dem Weg</td>
<td>En route</td>
<td>En camino</td></tr>

<tr><td>Overhang<br />roof ..</td>
<td>&Uuml;berhang<br /></td>
<td>Surplomb<br /></td>
<td>Desplome<br />Techo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pass, Saddle</td>
<td>Pass, Sattel</td>
<td>Col</td>
<td>Paso, Portachuelo,<br />Collado</td></tr>

<tr><td>Peak<br /><br />(minor)</td>
<td>Gipfel, Berg,<br />Spitze<br />Vorgipfel</td>
<td>Pic, Cime, Sommet<br />Pic secondaire</td>
<td>Pico, Cumbre,<br />Cima, Cresta<br />Pico menor, Punta</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pendulum</td>
<td></td>
<td>Pendule</td>
<td>P&eacute;ndulo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pillar</td>
<td>Pfeiler</td>
<td></td>
<td>Pilar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pinnacle, needle</td>
<td>Spitze, Felsturm</td>
<td>Gendarme</td>
<td>Pin&aacute;culo, Aguja,<br />Diente, Campanario</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pitch (climbing)</td>
<td>Seill&auml;nge</td>
<td>Longueur</td>
<td>Cordada, Largo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pitch (shaft)</td>
<td>Schacht</td>
<td>Puits</td>
<td>Pozo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Plain</td>
<td>Ebene</td>
<td>Plaine</td>
<td>Meseta, Pampa (LatAm)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Plateau</td>
<td>Hochebene. Plateau</td>
<td>Plateau</td>
<td>Altiplano, Meseta</td></tr>

<tr><td>Point</td>
<td>Punkt</td>
<td>Point</td>
<td>Punta</td></tr>

<tr><td>Porter</td>
<td>Tr&auml;ger</td>
<td>Porteur</td>
<td>Porteador</td></tr>

<tr><td>Pothole</td>
<td>Schacht</td>
<td>Gouffre</td>
<td>Pozo, S&oacute;tano(Mex)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Rake</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Rastrillo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Reconnaissance</td>
<td>Erkunden</td>
<td>Reconnaissance</td>
<td>Reconocimiento</td></tr>

<tr><td>Return trip</td>
<td>R&uuml;ckweg</td>
<td>(Aller-) Retour</td>
<td>Viaje de Vuelta</td></tr>

<tr><td>Rib</td>
<td>Rippe</td>
<td>C&ocirc;te</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Ridge</td>
<td>Grat, Kamm</td>
<td>Ar&acirc;te</td>
<td>Arista</td></tr>

<tr><td>River<br />dry/intermittent</td>
<td>Flu&szlig;<br /></td>
<td>Rivi&egrave;re<br /></td>
<td>R&iacute;o<br />Arroyo, Rambla</td></tr>

<tr><td>Rock</td>
<td>Fels</td>
<td>Rocher</td>
<td>Roca</td></tr>

<tr><td>Rockfall</td>
<td>Steinschlag</td>
<td>Chute des Rochers,<br />.. des Pierres</td>
<td>Ca&iacute;da de Piedra</td></tr>

<tr><td>Roof (overhang)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Techo, Desplome</td></tr>

<tr><td>Rope</td>
<td>Seil</td>
<td>Corde</td>
<td>Soga, Cuerda</td></tr>

<tr><td>Route<br />approximate ..<br />new ..<br />normal ..<br />probable ..<br />
unknown ..<br />Variant</td>
<td>F&uuml;hre, Weg<br />aproximativer ..<br />Neubegehung<br />Normalweg<br />
vermutlicher ..<br />Unbekannterweg<br />Variante</td>
<td>Voie, Route<br />.. approximative<br />nouvelle ..<br />.. normal<br />
.. probable<br />.. inconnue<br />Variante</td>
<td>Ruta<br />.. aproximada<br />.. nueva<br />.. normal<br />.. probable<br />
.. desconocida<br />Variaci&oacute;n, Variante</td></tr>

<tr><td>Scoop</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Pala</td></tr>

<tr><td>Scree</td>
<td>Schutt, Ger&ouml;ll</td>
<td>Eboulis</td>
<td>Talud</td></tr>

<tr><td>Serac</td>
<td>Serac, Eisturm</td>
<td>S&eacute;rac</td>
<td>Serac</td></tr>

<tr><td>Sink</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Sumidero</td></tr>

<tr><td>Slab</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Losa</td></tr>

<tr><td>Sleet</td>
<td>Graupeln</td>
<td>Pluie Gelante</td>
<td>Agua Nieve</td></tr>

<tr><td>Snow<br />Breakable Crust<br />Crust<br />Fluted ..<br />Frozen ..<br />
Granular, Firn ..<br />New  ..<br /> <br />Powder ..<br />
Sastrugi, Skavla<br />Slush<br />Sun softened ..<br />Unbreakable crust<br />
Wind Slab</td>

<td>Schnee<br />Bruchharsch<br />Harsch<br />Rillenf&ouml;rmig<br />Gefroren<br />
Firn<br />Neuschnee<br />Eiszapfen<br />Pulverschnee<br />
Windrippung<br />Sulz ..<br /> <br /> <br />Schnee Brett</td>

<td>Neige<br />Neige Cro&ucirc;teuse<br />Cro&ucirc;te<br />.. Fl&ucirc;t&eacute;<br />.. Gel&eacute;<br />
.. Granul&eacute;e<br />.. Fra&icirc;che<br />Penitente<br />.. Poudreuse<br />
<br />Slush de ..<br />.. Ramoll&eacute;<br />Cro&ucirc;te Solide<br />
Plaque &agrave; Vent</td>

<td>Nieve<br />Costra Fr&aacute;gil<br />Costra<br />Acanalada ?<br />.. Congelada, Helada<br />
Neviza<br />.. Nueva<br /> <br />Penitente<br />Polvo<br />
S&aacute;strugi<br />Primavera<br /><br />Costra Irrompile<br /></td>
</tr>

<tr><td>Snowline<br />permanent ..<br /> </td>
<td>Schneegrenze<br />Ewigen Schnees<br /></td>
<td>Limite des Neiges<br />Limite des Neiges<br />Perpetuelles</td>
<td>L&iacute;nea de Nieve<br />L&iacute;mite de las Nieves<br />Perpetuas</td></tr>

<tr><td>Spire</td>
<td>Spitze, Turm</td>
<td>Pointe</td>
<td>Aguja</td></tr>

<tr><td>Spur</td>
<td>Rippe</td>
<td>&Eacute;peron</td>
<td>Espol&oacute;n</td></tr>

<tr><td>Stance</td>
<td>Standplatz ?</td>
<td></td>
<td>Posici&oacute;n</td></tr>

<tr><td>Steep</td>
<td>steil</td>
<td>raide, escarpe</td>
<td>Escarpado, Abrupto</td></tr>

<tr><td>Stone</td>
<td>Stein</td>
<td>Pierre</td>
<td>Piedra</td></tr>

<tr><td>Stonefall</td>
<td>Steinschlag</td>
<td>Chutes des Pierres</td>
<td>Ca&iacute;da de piedras</td></tr>

<tr><td>Talus</td>
<td>Schuttkegel</td>
<td>Talus</td>
<td>Talud</td></tr>

<tr><td>Thread (runner)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Thunderstorm<br />lightning<br />thunder</td>
<td>Gewitter<br />Blitz<br />Donner</td>
<td>Orage<br />Foudre, &eacute;clairs<br />Tonnerre</td>
<td>Tormenta de truenos<br />Rel&aacute;mpago<br />Trueno</td></tr>

<tr><td>Torque (verb)</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Traverse (verb)</td>
<td>&Uuml;berschreitung</td>
<td>Traverser</td>
<td>Atravesar</td></tr>

<tr><td>Unclimbed peak</td>
<td>Unbestiegener Gipfel</td>
<td>Cime Vierge</td>
<td>Cima Virgen</td></tr>

<tr><td>Verglas</td>
<td>Glasseis, Verglasst</td>
<td>Verglas</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Vertical</td>
<td>Senkrecht</td>
<td></td>
<td>Vertical</td></tr>

<tr><td>via, by way of</td>
<td>&Uuml;ber</td>
<td>Via</td>
<td>Por La Via</td></tr>

<tr><td>Wall</td>
<td>Wand</td>
<td>Mur</td>
<td>Muro, Pared</td></tr>

<tr><td>Waterfall</td>
<td>Wasserfall</td>
<td>Chute d'eau, Cascade</td>
<td>Cascada, Salto,<br />Catarata, Chorera (LatAm)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Weather<br />.. forecast<br /> <br />good.. bad..</td>
<td>Wetter<br />Wetterbericht<br />Wettervorhersage<br /> </td>
<td>Temps<br />bulletin m&eacute;t&eacute;orologique<br />previsions m&eacute;t..s, M&eacute;t&eacute;o<br />
beau .. mauvais ..</td>
<td>Tiempo<br />.. predicci&oacute;n<br />bueno.. malo..</td></tr>

<tr><td>Wedge, jam (verb)</td>
<td>Klemmen</td>
<td></td>
<td>Cu&ntilde;a</td></tr>

<tr><td>Wind, windy</td>
<td>Wind, windig</td>
<td>Vente, venteux</td>
<td>Viento, Ventoso</td></tr>


<tr><td colspan="4"><b>Equipment:</b></td></tr>


<tr><td>Altimeter</td>
<td>Aneroid</td>
<td>Altimetre</td>
<td>Alt&iacute;metro</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ascender</td>
<td>Steigbugel,<br />Steigklemme</td>
<td>Ascendeur,<br />Bloqueur, Jumar</td>
<td>Bloqueador</td></tr>

<tr><td>Bolt</td>
<td>Bolzen</td>
<td>Spit, Piton Gollo</td>
<td>Spit (de expansion)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Bolt/anchor/hanger</td>
<td>Bohrhaken</td>
<td>Amarrage</td>
<td>Anclaje</td></tr>

<tr><td>Boots</td>
<td>Bergschuhe</td>
<td>Chaussures de Montagne</td>
<td>Botas de monta&ntilde;a</td></tr>

<tr><td>Carabiner</td>
<td>Karabiner</td>
<td>Mousqueton</td>
<td>Mosquet&oacute;n</td></tr>

<tr><td>Chalk</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Magnesio</td></tr>

<tr><td>Chalkbag</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>Bolsa de magnesio</td></tr>

<tr><td>Climbing skins</td>
<td></td>
<td>peau de phoque</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Compass</td>
<td>Kompass</td>
<td>Boussole, compas</td>
<td>Br&uacute;jula</td></tr>

<tr><td>Crampons</td>
<td>Steigeisen</td>
<td>Crampons</td>
<td>Crampones</td></tr>

<tr><td>Etrier</td>
<td>Trittleiter</td>
<td>&Eacute;trier</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Hammer<br />rock ..<br />ice ..<br />north wall ..</td>
<td>Hammer<br />Fels..<br />Eis..<br />Pickel-..</td>
<td>Marteau<br />.. de Rocher<br />.. &agrave; glace<br />Piolet-marteau</td>
<td>Martillo<br />.. de roca<br />.. de hielo<br />Piolet-martillo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Harness (seat)<br />full body ..</td>
<td>Klettersitzgurt<br />Kombiklettergurt</td>
<td>Baudrier (cuissard)<br />.. complet</td>
<td>Arn&eacute;s (de Cintura)<br />.. completo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Head Torch</td>
<td>Stirnlampe</td>
<td>Lampe frontale</td>
<td>Linterna frontal</td></tr>

<tr><td>Helmet</td>
<td>Kopfschutz</td>
<td>Casque</td>
<td>Casco</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ice Piton</td>
<td>Eishaken</td>
<td>Piton &agrave; glace</td>
<td>Clavija de hielo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ice Screw</td>
<td>Eisschraube</td>
<td>Piton &agrave; vis</td>
<td>Tornillo de hielo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ice Axe</td>
<td>Eispickel</td>
<td>Piolet</td>
<td>Piolet</td></tr>

<tr><td>Map</td>
<td>Karte</td>
<td>Carte</td>
<td>Mapa</td></tr>

<tr><td>Nut</td>
<td>Nute</td>
<td>Picoin</td>
<td>Nudo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Nut-key</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td>Piton, Peg</td>
<td>Haken</td>
<td>Piton</td>
<td>Clavija</td></tr>

<tr><td>Prussik sling</td>
<td>Reepschnur,<br />Prusik-Schlinge</td>
<td>Anneau &agrave; prussik</td>
<td>Anillo prusik</td></tr>

<tr><td>Rope<br />climbing ..<br />fixed ..<br />rappel ..</td>
<td>Seil<br />Kletterseil<br />Fixes ..<br />Abseil Seil</td>
<td>Corde<br />.. d'escalade<br />.. fixe<br />Corde de rappel</td>
<td>Cuerda, Soga<br /><br />Cordino, Cuerda fija<br /></td></tr>

<tr><td>Ski-Bindings<br />(touring)</td>
<td>(Touren)Bindung<br />Tourenbindung</td>
<td>Fixations<br />(de randonn&eacute;e alpine)</td>
<td>Fijaciones<br />(para esqu&iacute; de monta&ntilde;a)</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ski-brakes</td>
<td>Skistopper</td>
<td>Frein-ski</td>
<td>Freno-esqu&iacute;</td></tr>

<tr><td>Ski-crampon</td>
<td>Harscheisen</td>
<td>Couteau &agrave; glace</td>
<td>Cuchillo para hielo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Sling</td>
<td>Schlinge</td>
<td>Anneau de Corde</td>
<td>Baga</td></tr>

<tr><td>Snowshovel</td>
<td>Schaufel</td>
<td>Pelle de Neige</td>
<td>Pala de Nieve</td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="4"><strong>Directions</strong></td></tr>

<tr><td>Left</td>
<td>links</td>
<td>&agrave; gauche</td>
<td>Izquierda</td></tr>

<tr><td>Right</td>
<td>rechts</td>
<td>&agrave; droite</td>
<td>Derecha</td></tr>

<tr><td>North</td>
<td>Norden</td>
<td>Nord</td>
<td>Norte</td></tr>

<tr><td>East</td>
<td>Osten</td>
<td>Est</td>
<td>Este</td></tr>

<tr><td>South</td>
<td>Suden</td>
<td>Sud</td>
<td>Sur</td></tr>

<tr><td>West</td>
<td>Westen</td>
<td>Ouest</td>
<td>Oeste</td></tr>

<tr><td>Up</td>
<td>(hinauf)</td>
<td>en montant</td>
<td>Arriba</td></tr>

<tr><td>Down</td>
<td>hinab</td>
<td>en bas</td>
<td>Abajo</td></tr>

<tr><td>Upstream</td>
<td>stromaufwarts</td>
<td>&agrave; mont</td>
<td>R&iacute;o arriba</td></tr>

<tr><td>Downstream</td>
<td>flu&szlig;abwarts</td>
<td>&agrave; val</td>
<td>R&iacute;o abajo</td></tr>
</table>

<h4>Acknowledgements:</h4>

<p>The idea came from the guidebook &quot;Yuraq Janka&quot; by J F Rickers.
Additional information derived from varied sources, including Petzl catalogue,
Editions Eclat Peru guidebook, personal experience, deductions from the Totes
Gebirge climbing guide and a lot of head-scratching and dictionary bashing
whilst reading caving publications in a variety of languages.</p>

<p>If you need a much more detailed vocabulary for climbing and mountaineering,
I can do no better than recommend &quot;Alpines W&ouml;rterbuch&quot;, by
Rudolf Weiss, published by Bergverlag Rudolf Rother Gmbh, M&uuml;nchen, ISBN
3-7633-8062-0. This has four sections,
Deutsch-&gt;Englisch,Franz&ouml;sisch,Italienisch;
English-&gt;German,French,Italian; Fran&ccedil;ais-&gt;Allemand,Anglais,Italien
and Italiano-&gt;Tedesco,Inglese,Francese.</p>
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