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      <h1>How to go about connecting <i>Fishface</i> to <i>SMK</i> system</h1>
      <p>by Radost Waszkiewicz (8 March 2023)</p>
      <h2>My goals</h2>
      <p>
        </p><ul>
          <li>When in Austria, work towards the goal of connecting Fishface to
            the
            SMK system more effectively.</li>
          <li>Make survey data more informative. Expand current connection
            approach beyond measuring straight line distance.</li>
          <li>Assess the efficacy of the <emph>deep connection</emph> target for
            the
            upcoming expo.</li>
          <li>Refresh my memory of Fishface system, Survex, QMs and survey
            wallets.</li>
        </ul>
      <p></p>

      <h2>Analysis of the current situation</h2>

      <p>CUCC expoers often refer to horizontal levels and connections between
        them when talking about exploration in Austria and many have played
        around with Survex/Aven trying to align (by eye) different cave-rich
        levels to get a better understanding of what's going on. I tried to
        quantify
        this method using the avaliable svx data with a particular emphasis on
        the
        Fishface area.</p>
      <p>I have imported all the survey legs in <emph>290 291 204</emph> and
        <emph>161</emph>,
        and produced a histogram of the directions in which these legs were
        shot. After eliminating short legs (less than 3m) and the vertical legs,
        you can plot them using an equal area projection (according to wikipedia
        apparently used also by some geologists). On such a histogram, the
        sphere containing all possible shot directions is mapped onto a disk of
        radius 2 with equator being mapped onto a circle of radius sqrt(2) --
        marked on the figure, and since this is equal area projection, higher
        density means acually higher density in reality (and not just
        transformation artifacts).</p>

      <div class="d-flex justify-content-center">
        <img src="./Fishface-SMK_files/shot_directions.svg" style="width: 50em; height: 30em;">
      </div>

      <p class="fst-italic">Figure: Survey shot directions displayed using
        Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection. Dashed circles correspond to
        horizontal and vertical shots, while solid circle shows tilted
        cave-rich.</p>

      <p>As expected, typical, non-vertical legs are roughly horizontal, but
        there is a systematic deviation from that horizontal pattern -- legs
        shot westward are more likely going down. The overrepresented directions
        line up on plane which, in this projection, is a near-circular loop.
        (Equations of great circles in this projections are surprisingly hard to
        find.) Additionally, I have marked normal direction to the plane of
        interest to make it easier to see how much and in what direction this
        plane is tilted.
      </p>

      <p>The cave-rich plane is tilted down by 13.5° in the direction of 120°
        (roughly ESE). As a result, for each meter we travel in the approx
        eastward direction, we are expected to drop down by 24cm. With
        Fishface-SMK gap being at least 150m, this gives 35m elevation change.
      </p>

      <div class="d-flex justify-content-center">
        <iframe src="./Fishface-SMK_files/cave_with_layers.html" title="3D widget in iframe" style="width: 50em; height: 30em;"></iframe>
      </div>
      <p class="fst-italic">To see working 3D plot, visit the original copy of
      this page at <a href="https://www.fuw.edu.pl/~rwaszkiewicz/fishface/report.html">
      www.fuw.edu.pl/~rwaszkiewicz/fishface/report.html</a>

      <p class="fst-italic">3D Figure: Fishface+Happy butterfly in relation to
        204 and 161 colored by levels. Note vertical shift in the levels due to
        east-west gap (at 15° slope we get 30cm up per meter distance). The
        proposed connection strategies are marked in red and pink respectively.
        'Shallow' connection strategy lines up with light-green cave-rich level.</p>
      <h2>'Shallow' connection strategy</h2>
      <p>
        My proposed strategy is to continue from <emph>290.whipingbalconysarse.27</emph>
        (QMC 2.5mx1m) towards <emph>204.midlevel.pretzelpassage2.31</emph> for
        300m at a gradient of 14.5°.
        <b>or</b>
        from <emph>290.redlight.9</emph> via QMB (3mx2m tube across a traverse)
        towards <emph>204.midlevel.pretzelpassage2.31</emph> 280 meters away at
        a gradient of 16°.
      </p>

      <p>
        <emph>290.whipingbalconysarse.27</emph> looks like heading in the right
        direction and drafting in the Fishface direction (consistent with higher
        entrance of Balcon), albeit not a great lead by Rob Watson's description.
        <a href="http://expo.survex.com/logbookentry/2022-08-07/2022_s40">Source:</a>
        <quote>After setting up the cave link and failing to send/recieve
          anything we had a curry. Then Mike and I headed off to survey
          Balcony's arse while Luke and the Jape fettled the Cave Link. Got very
          muddy in the Arse only to break out at a junction, where we elected to
          look at the meander rather than the small tube higher up. Left a QMC
          pissing off upstream then back to camp for noodles. Schnapps and bed.
        </quote><br>
        <img src="./Fishface-SMK_files/robs_notes.png" style="display:inline; max-width: 30em;">
        <img src="./Fishface-SMK_files/whiping_plan.jpg" style="display:inline; max-width: 30em;">
      </p>

      <p>
        <emph>290.redlight.9</emph> large phreas heading in the right direction
        in a area with good draft. Surveys further down mention no draft so it
        seems it has to dissapear (hopefully into that QM).
        <a href="http://expo.survex.com/logbookentry/2022-08-02/2022_s18">Source:</a>
        <quote>[...] but became too difficult to continue without a traverse
          line but promising [phreas] visable 50m further along.</quote><br>
        <img src="./Fishface-SMK_files/redlight_plan.jpg" style="display:inline; max-width: 30em;
          max-height: 60em;">
      </p>


      <p>
        <emph>204.midlevel.pretzelpassage2.31</emph> great looking QMA with
        stones rumbling for 8 seconds. From the description (and drawing)
        starting with a large void. Not explored further because it was partly a
        derig trip and run out of time. Looking at the drawing it might go in
        the right direction (west).
        <a href="http://expo.survex.com/logbookentry/2012-08-27/2012_s66">Source:</a>
        <quote>This led along an attractive thick cracked mud floor to ...
          another large chamber with the sound of much water. We though this
          might well be the same chamber we'd encountered on our initial survey
          though when the data went in we were less convinced as the two ends
          were 43m apart but it is still plausible.</quote><br>
        <img src="./Fishface-SMK_files/pretzel_plan.png" style="display:inline; max-width: 30em;
          max-height: 60em;">
      </p>

      <h2>Deep connection alternative</h2>

      <p>
        Greedily searching for two points in respective systems underground that
        are closest together gives different potential connection endpoints with
        <emph>204.deepsouth.razor11.13</emph> near <emph>204.deepsouth.razor12</emph>.
        This location is literally as deep as it gets -- it's a traverse over a
        pool of water with some QMs in the ceiling and is unlikely to be
        explored from this side. We might emerge here if we start from Fishface
        side but starting here seems unwise.

        <a href="http://expo.survex.com/logbookentry/2007-07-19/2007_s73">Source:</a>
        <quote>Andreas rigged a traverse where the slot began to widen +
          reached a stance overlooking a deep, dark pool of water.</quote><br>
        <img src="./Fishface-SMK_files/razor_elev.jpg" style="display:inline; max-width: 30em;
          max-height: 60em;">
      </p>

      <h2>Strategic considerations</h2>
      <p>The way I interpret CUCC expos mission, we should prioritize two things:
        </p><ul>
          <li>itroducing new cavers to expeditioning,</li>
          <li>Expo long term sustainability.</li>
        </ul>
        In my opinion, both of these are better served by pushing shallow leads
        and connecting Fishface to SMK as soon as possible. A few years ago, one
        of the targets was to search for a new 'east' surface camp to aid
        exploration in Homecoming, which is really quite far from the
        Stonebridge. One of the arguments for deep caving is that we'll have
        underground camp reducing crowds in the Stonebridge -- perhaps a better
        way to go about that is to have another surface camp near Fishface (or
        even better between Fishface and Homecoming)?
      <p></p>

      <h2>Conclusions</h2>
      <p>
        </p><ul>
          <li>Cave-rich levels are real (duh!) and can be seen on shot direction
            histogram.</li>
          <li>Cave-rich planes are tilted in ESE direction by about 15°.</li>
          <li>We should aim higher in Balcony than in Fishface because of E-W
            distance.</li>
          <li>Mid-level balcony has a QMA+ in a favourable location.</li>
          <li>Deep Balcony is bottomed. We're unlikely to find another cave-rich
            plane containing current bottom.</li>
          <li>I'm strongly advocating for 'shallow' conneciton strategy over
            'deep' connection strategy.</li>
        </ul>
      <p></p>


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