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+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+<title>CUCC's Austria Base Camps</title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main2.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Base Camps</h1>
+
+<h2>Altaussee</h2>
+
+<p>The first CUCC expeditions camped courtesy of Fritz Madlmeier (who annually
+plied us with free beer on arrival and departure) at his campsite by the lake
+in Altaussee, with splendid views of the Trisselberg and very convenient for
+the <a href="tollrd.htm">Loser Panoramastrasse</a>, as well as various local
+hostelries.</p>
+
+<table class="imgtable">
+ <tr>
+ <td><a href="piclinks/bc81.htm"><img src="tinypix/bc81.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+ <td><a href="piclinks/fritzs.htm"><img alt="" src="tinypix/fritzs.jpg" /></a></td>
+ <td><a href="piclinks/bc78.htm"><img src="tinypix/bc78.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+ <td><a href="piclinks/bc82.htm"><img src="tinypix/bc82.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+ </tr>
+<tr class="caption">
+<td>1981 base camp</td>
+<td>View across the lake from 1981 base camp</td>
+<td>1978 mess tent</td>
+<td>1982 base camp</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<h2>Gasthof Staud'nwirt</h2>
+
+<p>Eventually we outgrew this rather restricted space and moved to the other
+side of Bad Aussee, at <a
+href="http://www.staudnwirt.at/">Gasthof
+Staud'nwirt</a>, by the road to Grundlsee. Here <a href="http://s451585858.website-start.de/s/cc_images/teaserbox_43283908.jpg?t=1543516733">Hilde and Karin Wilpernig</a> have
+made us very welcome for many years, and have provided us with many luxuries
+including some office space in 1984 and use of the "Potato Hut" ever since,
+which has sported a fridge for cold beer since 1995! So vital is this to expo
+morale that <a href="1623/161/fbland.htm#ealgor">some passage</a> has been
+named after it.</p>
+
+<table class="imgtable">
+<tr><td style="width: 33%"><a href="piclinks/staudn.htm">
+<img src="tinypix/staudn.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+<td style="width: 33%"><img src="tinypix/bc94.jpg" alt="" /></td>
+<td style="width: 33%"><a href="piclinks/base95.htm"><img src="tinypix/base95.jpg" alt="" /></a>
+</td></tr>
+<tr class="caption"><td>
+Gasthof Staud'nwirt (1995).
+It no longer looks like this, having been extended, and reclad for 1998.</td>
+<td>Typical Mess tent at Base Camp (wet in 1994)</td>
+<td>Typical Mess tent at Base Camp (dry in 1995)</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="piclinks/washit.htm"><img src="tinypix/washit.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+<td><a href="piclinks/gearbc.htm"><img src="tinypix/gearbc.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+<td><a href="piclinks/trailr.htm"><img src="tinypix/trailr.jpg" alt="" /></a></td></tr>
+<tr class="caption"><td>The Staud'nwirt sports a river which is
+excellent for end-of-expo ropewashing, if it's not in too high a
+flood!</td>
+<td>Typical expo gear behind better-than-average transport</td>
+<td>More typical expo transport - knackered trailer (1995)</td></tr>
+<tr><td><a href="piclinks/phut1.htm"><img src="tinypix/phut1.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+<td><img src="tinypix/phut94.jpg" alt="" /></td>
+<td><a href="piclinks/potato-hut.html"><img src="tinypix/potato-hut.jpg" alt="" /></a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="caption"><td>Vital supplies for the Potato Hut.</td>
+<td>Inside the old Potato Hut.</td>
+<td>The old Potato Hut from the outside.</td></tr>
+</table>
+<h3>Transport Links</h3>
+<p>See <a href="travel.htm">Getting to Expo</a> for how to get to the Stuadnwirt base camp.
+<p>We also have <a href=handbook/bike.html>a bike</a>.
+<hr />
+<ul id="links">
+<li>Back to <a href="infodx.htm">Main Index</a></li>
+<li>CUCC's <a href="tcamps.htm">Top Camps</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/primer.htm b/primer.htm
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+<html>
+<head>
+<title>CUCC's Austria expeditions: Primer</title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main2.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>CUCC Austria Expeditions: Primer</h1>
+
+<table class="trad"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:0 30px">
+<p>The annual CUCC expedition to Austria lasts around five weeks each summer
+and concentrates mainly on new exploration in the high alpine karst of the
+<span lang="de-at">Loser</span> plateau (about 80km E of <span
+lang="de-at">Salzburg).</span> Recent large projects are:</p>
+
+
+<ul>
+<li><b>Schwarzmooskogel</b> system formed from the linkage of several caves into one system, 150km or so long, and 1033m deep,
+of which around nine tenths of the length (and the highest and deepest points) were explored by CUCC. This now includes connections
+with Kaninchenhöhle, Steinbrückenhöhle and Balkonhöhle.</li>
+<li><b>Heimkommenhöhle</b> (Homecoming) discovered in 2018 is on the edge of the plateau and has not been connected with any other cave yet.</li>
+<li><b>Fischgesichthöhle</b> (FGH) and <b>Gluklischesmetterlinghöhle</b> (Happy Butterfly)
+were discovered in 2017 and despite being only a few metres apart they have not yet been connected. FGH has gone deep but was snow-plugged in 2019.</li>
+
+<li><b>Tunnocksschaht</b> and <b>Balkonhöhle</b> the focus of exploration since 2016.
+In 2018 they both went deep and three connections between them were made.
+</li>
+<li><b>Steinbrückenhöhle</b> the most major cave in the area and the principal focus of CUCC's work 2000-2008.
+</li>
+
+
+</ul>
+
+<p>Over two hundred shorter caves have also been explored and
+recorded over the forty year history of expo, and prospecting for new
+entrances is still an important activity. Every year we discover more new entrances than we can explore.</p>
+</td></tr></tbody></table>
+
+
+<p>So much for the executive summary, but what does that mean for the new
+expo member? What is actually involved in going on expo?</p>
+
+<p>Very few people, whether undergraduate or old lag, can afford the time
+to go on expo for the full period. People come and go, and people pursue
+their own particular interests within the larger context. But there has
+to be some overall strategy and some degree of planning. It is no good
+putting more resources into rigging than we have manpower to use, nor
+concentrating on so few goals that the cave is always crowded. So it is
+important that those doing the organising have a pretty good idea a few
+weeks before expo of who is going, for how long, and how hard they expect
+to cave.</p>
+
+<p>But don't expect too much from that word "organising" – expedition is not a
+boot camp! No one will kick you out of your pit and make you go caving (except
+perhaps in an emergency, such as a call-out). Nor is it entirely a holiday -
+once the effort has been put in to rig things, it is important that people get
+in there and do the work exploring, surveying, photographing and eventually
+derigging. The "organisation" is essentially a matter of pre-expo
+behind-the-scenes things like getting grants and sponsorship, buying tackle,
+coordinating transport and the like. On expo itself, it is a matter of judging
+which projects can reasonably be tackled by the number of people present, and
+suggesting the best lines of attack. This avoids rigging things which no one
+has the time or will-power to push, and ensures that there is enough gear to
+tackle the things which folk <em>are</em> keen to explore.</p>
+
+<p>There are important differences between expedition caving and a typical
+Yorkshire weekend. On a tourist trip in the UK, a party will rig in, bottom the
+cave and rig out (or, at most, there may be a separate rigging in and rigging
+out trip on the same day). In Austria, a project cave will be rigged at the
+start of expo, and then numerous working trips will use that rigging until
+either the cave or the expedition finishes, and derigging takes place. This
+clearly places a lot more wear and tear on the ropes, which also tend to get
+muddier, so quality rigging is essential. Of course, some of this rigging is
+new exploration, not just "follow the P-hangers", so it is an exciting and
+challenging activity. Also, unlike a Yorkshire tourist trip, you must survey
+and describe what you find – <a href="handbook/logbooks.html">logbooks write-ups</a>
+form part of a long-term record
+of what has been done so are rather more important than on weekend meets at
+home. <a href="handbook/survey/why.htm">Surveying may be an entirely new activity</a> for first-time expo members,
+but it is also a very important one, and one which it is worth making the
+effort to get right from the start.</p>
+
+<p>The caves in Austria are as different from Yorkshire and Mendip as those two
+areas are from each other. There are few sporting streamways and few
+formations. The caves are colder (often not much above freezing, and sometimes
+below). They are often much deeper than Yorkshire trips, though the entrances
+we are currently using mean that even the remotest places are not at vast
+depths. However, pitches may be big, and close together in deep shafts of up to
+a couple of hundred metres. Though often dry in good weather, run-off is rapid
+and a damp pitch can rapidly become a serious proposition with near-freezing
+water pouring down it. Rigging will sometimes seem unnecessarily gymnastic
+until you have seen the pitch after a thunderstorm! Set against this is a large
+amount of huge stomping horizontal passage found in the last few years, with
+many leads still to push not needing a lot of vertical work at all.</p>
+
+<p>In Austria, expo is effectively split into "<a href="bcamps.htm">Base
+Camp</a>" and various "<a href="tcamps.htm">plateau camps</a>". Base camp is in
+the valley, near the pub, shops, lake and other "R&R" facilities. It is
+here that we have the bulk of the documentation, computers, lamp charging, log
+book and survey book. The plateau camps are right outside the cave entrances, and
+are reached by a toll road (on which we have a deal which avoids paying each
+time) which ascends 900m to a tourist car park from where it is around a 40
+minute walk (on good paths) to the edge of the plateau. From here it is a
+one-and-a-half-hour slog across rough limestone pavements to the main <span
+lang="de-at">Steinbrückenhöhle</span> bivvy site.
+We also have other shorter-lived high camps such as <span
+lang="de-at">Organhöhle</span> (from 2017).</p>
+
+<p>The plateau camps and and Base camp are linked by mobile phone, which are much
+better for coordinating and reporting activities than the radios we used
+previously. The result of this is that trips are
+mostly organised by the people in top camp, and it is usual to spend periods of
+three or four days or so at top camp, alternating with festering at base.</p>
+
+<p>On the other hand, the plateau a nature reserve where camping is
+theoretically not allowed at all, so we need to keep it as low-profile and
+undamaging as possible to avoid being banned. Camping is essential, not only
+for caving convenience and efficiency, but also for safety. Meeting these needs
+consistent with local politics is something of a balancing act which needs
+everyone's cooperation.</p>
+
+<p>If we have a spell of truly awful weather, usually everyone will come
+down to Base Camp, and this is a good time for getting surveys drawn up,
+passage descriptions written, log books up to date etc. It's also not
+unknown for a certain amount of beer consumption to occur. This is also
+the case at "expedition dinner" which is usually organised somewhere in
+the middle of expo, when the greatest number of people can attend.</p>
+
+<h3>What to read next?</h3>
+
+<p>Obviously, those coming on expedition will have a better and more
+productive time if they know more about what goes on, what has been done
+previously and what our particular caves are like. I'd love to think that
+everyone would find time to read everything on the website. In reality,
+however, not everyone wants to effectively memorise the guidebook, and
+devour several books on the history, culture, geography, geology, food,
+weather and other <span lang="la">minutiæ</span> of their holiday area.
+Even if you are that sort of person, it helps to have some idea of where to
+start – there's about three long novels' worth of stuff on the site and much
+of it is of mainly historical interest, concerned with caves whose
+exploration is considered complete.</p>
+
+<p>We have attempted to condense the "how to do it" material into an
+<a href="handbook/index.htm">Expedition Handbook</a>, which covers topics
+such as Surveying, Prospecting, Rigging and Rescue. There is also a rather
+embryonic section on photography, and some smaller sections that are also worth
+reading. This is still a fairly big chunk of stuff to read, so an effort has
+been made this year to provide a "primer" page for each section, which should
+be read by <b>everyone</b> new to expo. It is particularly important that you
+understand the aims of each activity, since a job done badly is actually worse
+than a job not done at all. This is especially true of cave survey and passage
+description, or, for prospecting, the recording of locations.</p>
+
+<p>To get a feel for what trips are like, it is perhaps worth dipping into
+one of the <a href="years/2018/logbook.html">logbooks</a>
+<a href="years/2001/log.htm">for</a> <a href="years/2003/logbook.html">recent
+</a> <a href="years/2017/logbook.html">years</a>. To
+get an idea of what expo will be trying to achieve, there is a "<a
+href="years/2018/index.html">mission statement</a>" for the current year. And
+to see how much potential there is, a glance at a recent <span
+lang="de">Steinbrückenhöhle</span> <a
+href="1623/204/qm.html">Question Mark list</a> is a revelation. Leads are
+numbered by year, with the oldest first. Following links from any of these
+leads will get you into the relevant section of the <a
+href="1623/204/204.html">cave description</a>, which gives an idea of the
+sort of caving.</p>
+
+<p>For the ambitious, there is a complete description of <a
+href="1623/161/top.htm"><span lang="de-at">Kaninchenhöhle</span></a>,
+which absorbed almost all of CUCC's expedition effort from 1989 to 1999 and now
+forms the largest single component of the <span
+lang="de-at">Schwarzmooskogel</span> system. The description runs to about 90 A4
+pages when printed, so is rather too much to digest in one go! We recommend
+looking at the printed survey to get an overall idea of the cave and which
+parts have the most potential. However, as this is too big for a web page,
+there are now useful survey fragments incorporated throughout the main
+descriptions.</p>
+
+<p>If you want to delve deeper into the site, <!--it's worth a quick look
+at the site <a href="../rdmap.htm">road map</a>. This gives you an idea
+of the structure of the site and where you can expect the graphical links
+to lead. There are also plenty of textual links, as exemplified by the
+expo --> use the <a href="infodx.htm">site index</a>.</p>
+
+<hr />
+
+<!-- LINKS -->
+</body>
+</html>
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+<html>
+<head>
+<meta id="description" content="Cambridge University Caving Club's Advanced
+expedition camps on the Loser Plateau" />
+<title>CUCC's Austria Expeditions: High camps</title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main2.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>CUCC's high camps on <span lang="de-at">Loser</span></h1>
+
+<p>Over the almost four decades during which CUCC have been visiting the <span
+lang="de-at">Loser-AugstEck</span> plateau, they have found it essential to
+camp nearer the caves than the base camps in <span
+lang="de-at">Altaussee</span> (1976-82) and <span lang="de-at">Grundlsee</span>
+(1983 to present). The <a href="years/1978/log.htm#driveroty">1978 accident</a>
+demonstrated the foolishness of trying to conduct long explorations without a
+high camp. Several people have been benighted on the plateau over the years
+and rescues in 1989, 2007 and 2016 as well as numerous other incidents show
+the value of rapid assistance from Top Camp in
+the event of a mishap underground.</p>
+<p>From 2002 to date our only top camp has been in "204 Steinbrückenhöhle" (see below).
+In 2017 we (mostly UBSS guests)
+established a bivvy camp very close to Organhöhle (see below)
+which will be established more soundly in 2018.</p>
+
+<p>The terminology of these camps has become very confused over
+time, as the campsites have changed. At some time, virtually every
+early camp has been called "Camp 1" by someone or other, and several
+sites have been called "Top Camp"! Note that it has been
+<b>illegal</b> to camp within the Nature Reserve <span lang="de">(Naturschutzgebiet)</span>
+area since 1993, and we obtain special permission every year for
+exploratory purposes.</p>
+
+<h3><a id="id1977camp">1977</a> Advance Camp</h3>
+
+<p>CUCC's first high camp was set up in 1977, on a site identified on the first
+visit in 1976. This was on an area of pasture above a small limestone scar from
+<a href="1623/l/tc1977.htm"><span lang="de-at">Bräuning Alm</span></a>. At
+the time, the springs in the valley here were the only reliable water supply we
+had discovered. There were caves nearby, as well as ones on the plateau to
+explore, so the site proved very pleasant, until washed out in one (of many)
+mega-thunderstorm.</p>
+
+<div class="centre">
+<a href="1623/l/tc1977.htm"><img src="1623/t/tc1977.jpg"
+width="158" height="108" alt="Camp 1977" /></a>
+
+<a href="1623/l/tc77a.htm">
+<img src="1623/t/tc77a.jpg" width="138" height="103"
+alt="Camp 1977" /></a>
+
+<a href="1623/l/tc77b.htm">
+<img src="1623/t/tc77b.jpg" width="151" height="88"
+alt="Camp 1977" /></a>
+<p class="caption">
+Views of 1977 Advance camp.
+</p></div>
+
+<h3><a id="id1979camp"><span lang="de-at">Schwarzmoossattel</span></a>
+bivouac</h3>
+
+<p>Once most exploration was centred on the plateau, the camp at
+<span lang="de-at">Bräuning Alm</span> proved of little real value, and
+all exploration was conducted by driving up from the valley. The difficulties
+and dangers of returning across the plateau in the dark led to some cavers
+doing "overnight" trips, in which the cave was descended in daylight, and
+exitted in daylight the next day. The risk associated with this approach was
+that of <a href="years/1978/log.htm#driveroty">falling asleep</a> on the
+drive down, as Julian Griffiths demonstrated. Having stayed awake down all
+the seriously fatal hairpin bends, the car drove itself through a fence and
+down a 10m drop in the valley below. The mangled steering wheel, bent by a
+tree-sized piece of fence coming through the windscreen, became CUCC's
+"Driver of the Year" award at subsequent dinners.</p>
+
+<p>It was realised that for overnight trips to work, there had to be at least
+a bivouac of some sort near the plateau. A tiny trickle of water was found,
+which could be used to fill a water container buried in the ground, and a
+single tent established just to the south of <span
+lang="de-at">Schwarzmoossattel</span> ("The Col") in 1979. This never really
+deserved the title "camp". It was never used again, as exploration in 1980
+switched to the <span lang="de-at">Stellerweghöhle</span> area, and
+neither of the previous high camps were really of any use.</p>
+
+<h3><a id="topcamp">Schwarzmoossattel Top Camp</a></h3>
+
+<table class="imgtable">
+<tr><td><a href="piclinks/tpcamp.htm">
+<img src="tinypix/tpcamp.jpg" width="166" height="114"
+alt="Top Camp" /></a></td>
+<td><a href="piclinks/tc1996.htm"><img width="200" height="134"
+src="tinypix/tc1996.jpg" alt="Top Camp" /></a></td>
+<td><a href="piclinks/tc-161.htm">
+<img src="tinypix/tc-161.jpg" width="181" height="123"
+alt="Top Camp from 161" /></a></td>
+</tr>
+<tr class="caption">
+<td>Top Camp on upper site, 1993
+</td><td>Lower site, 1996</td>
+<td>Seen from <span lang="de">Schwarzmooskogel</span> ridge
+</td>
+</tr></table>
+
+<p>A really good permanent spring was found in a small
+climbable shaft a short way beyond
+<span lang="de-at">Schwarzmoossattel</span> ("The Col").
+As this was adjacent to one of the very few flat areas of grass, and right
+next to the path as well, this has made an ideal camp site, and was the normal
+Top Camp from 1988 to 2001. <a href="handbook/logbooks.html">Logbooks</a> and Journal accounts at the time
+referred to this as "Camp I", despite its not being the first high
+camp. A few references are to "Camp 3", which tried to reflect the
+chronology. Later it was known just as "Top Camp". In
+fact, to minimise the impact on grassy areas, the camp alternated between
+the small site immediately adjacent to the spring and a larger (but boggier)
+area a little lower (used in 1994, 1996, 1998 etc.).</p>
+
+<h3><a id="vd1camp">VD1 Camp</a></h3>
+
+<p>In 1988, and again in 1989, there was a small advance camp much nearer to
+the <span lang="de">Kaninchenhöhle</span> entrance, again to overcome the
+trials of crossing the very rough plateau in the dark. This was on a relatively
+flat area of low bunde (dwarf pine) just on the east side of the flat area of
+limestone on which the permanent survey station "VD1" is located, on the normal
+walk up to the 161 entrances on the col between the <span
+lang="de-at">Vorderer</span> and <span lang="de-at">Hinterer
+Schwarzmooskogels.</span> This was variously known as 'far campsite' or 'Camp
+2', in the <a href="handbook/logbooks.html">logbooks</a>.
+A lack of water, sanitation, space and comfort led to this
+camp being abandoned.</p>
+
+<h3>Scarface Camp</h3>
+
+<p>It was hoped that in 1996, a new Top Camp would be established somewhere
+where access to the 161d, 'Scarface' entrance to <span
+lang="de">Kaninchenhöhle</span> would be easier, as all trips used this
+new entrance, giving rapid access to the majority of current question marks in
+the cave. Unfortunately, access via the <span lang="de-at">Stogerweg</span>
+proved to be more strenuous than from the old plateau top camp, and no usable
+water supply was found, so this campsite never came into existence.</p>
+
+<h3>40 Eishöhle bivvy</h3>
+
+<p>In 2001 people decided to bivvy nearer to the the cave entrances. This
+involved putting up tarpaulins in natural shelters, and sleeping on inflatable
+lilos. The 40 bivvy is in the main 40a <span lang="de-at">Eishöhle</span>
+entrance. It is surprisingly comfortable as this entrance does not have a cold
+gale coming out of it, and the floor is very flat. It is luxurious for 2, comfy
+for 3 and can sleep 4. Water is collected by putting a tarp. in a steep gulley
+opposite with a hose to a butt in the bivi - very effective.</p>
+
+<div class="centre"><a href="images/40bivy.jpg"><img src="tinypix/40bivy.jpg"
+width="200" height="128" alt="40 bivvy" /></a></div>
+
+<h3>204 Steinbrückenhöhle ("The Stone Bridge") bivvy</h3>
+
+<p>Cavers working in 204 (<span
+lang="de-at">Steinbrückenhöhle</span>) used the eponymous stone
+bridge as a bivouac. The sloping floor was terraced and flat sleeping
+and cooking areas were made. Tarpaulins were put up to reduce the
+drips and wind. Water was obtained from snow at 231, collecting drips
+in 231 and a funnel inserted in a grike on the roof of the stone
+bridge. Initially two, and later 3 butts were used for
+water storage. </p>
+
+<p>This has been the main high camp since 2002; it has
+been extensively reterraced to increase its capacity (as of 2003 it
+could sleep 12 and by 2017 22 could be jammed in), the water
+collection methods refined, and a cooking area created, to give an
+exceedingly comfortable bivvy site. A much larger single tarp covering
+the whole length, used since 2015, has made it much drier at the back,
+and the place is now very civilised indeed.
+See the <a href="handbook/bivirig.html">bivvy rigging guide</a> for tarp erection details.</p>
+
+<div class="centre"><a href="1623/204/bivvy.html">
+<img src="tinypix/204bivy.jpg" width="233" height="168"
+alt="204 bivvy" /></a></div>
+
+<h3>76 Eislufthöhle bivvy</h3>
+
+<p>In 2004-2007, the 76 <a href="1623/76/76.htm">Eislufthöhle</a>
+re-exploration project necessitated a camp close to the 76 entrance. A bivouac
+was established in a convenient rock shelter nearby. This was also
+used in 2012,13,15,16. Camping on the nearby grassy bit, which has
+room for 2 small tents is a lot warmer than staying in the bivi cave.</p>
+
+<div class="centre"><a href="1623/others/l/76bivvyvw.html">
+<img src="tinypix/76bivvy.jpg" /></a></div>
+
+<h3><a id="id2017camp">2017</a> Organhöhle Camp</h3>
+<p>Sleeping 3 or 4, a bivvy with rainwater collection was established in a small
+overhang very closeto <a href="http://expo.survex.com/noinfo/1623/bs17.htm">Organhöhle</a> and Guten Morgen höhle. This is a further hour or two walk from
+the main top camp at Steinbruckhöhle; and would be very hard to establish without
+the resources available at Steinbruckhöhle. The usual route goes very close to Tunnocksschaft entrance and within view of the
+entrance to <a href="http://expo.survex.com/1623/264/264.html">Balkonhöhle</a> - and then rather a lot further and over the ridge with a view down to the Appelhaus area.
+<p>When UBSS first explored Organhöhle they approached from the other direction. See their write-up
+in Descent (see page 18
+of <a href="http://expo.survex.com/others/ubss/UBSS_NL_web_series2_v6_sv3.pdf">UBSS newsletter</a>)
+for the horrendous walk that this involves.
+<div class="centre"><a href="missing.html">
+<img src="tinypix/ohcamp.jpg" /></a></div>
+
+<hr />
+<ul id="links">
+<li>Back to <a href="infodx.htm">Main Index</a></li>
+<li>CUCC's <a href="bcamps.htm">Base Camps</a></li>
+</ul>
+</body>
+</html>
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+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
+<title>CUCC's Austria expeditions: The Toll Road</title>
+<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/main2.css" />
+</head>
+<body>
+
+<h1>The Loser Panoramastraße</h1>
+
+<p>This is a toll road, clearly signposted from the village of Altaussee. A
+public road leads northeast (this bit is one-way) from the centre of the
+village. At the end of the one-way system is a junction left, leading over
+the river to a further junction right to the tourist Salt-mine, and left
+back to the village.</p>
+
+<p>Straight on (now two-way), leads uphill, often narrow, to a further
+junction. Straight on here is a deteriorating track to Blaa-Alm, offering
+a restaurant with Reininghaus bier, excellent views of the cliffs NW of
+Loser, and an aerial ropeway intended for kids, but well worth playing
+on for groups of inebriate cavers. This is also the approach for the
+Naglsteghöhle and resurgence - outside our area, but worth a visit.</p>
+
+<p>Right at the junction is a metalled road, the <b>Loser
+Panoramastraße</b>, which immediately has a toll-gate (and often the
+queue for this blocks the main road). This is only manned during daylight,
+when tourist traffic is expected. The road leads steeply up, with numerous
+hairpins, first to the Loser Hütte, 550m above the start. This was once
+a relatively isolated mountain hut, but now serves as a convivial lunchtime
+and evening hostelry - it was rebuilt as "Hotel Loser" for 1995. Beyond the
+old hut, the road continues to a new (in the mid-seventies) Bergrestaurant,
+only open during the day, and with a huge car park, full of tourists whenever
+the weather is half decent. The area is also a small ski resort in the
+winter, and various lifts line the hillsides.</p>
+
+<div class="centre">
+<a href="../piclinks/tollrd.htm"><img alt="Toll road photo" src=",,/tinypix/tollrd.jpg" width="160" height="83" /></a>
+
+<a href="../piclinks/bgrest.htm"><img src="../tinypix/bgrest.jpg" width="143"
+height="170"
+alt="BergRestaurant picture" /></a>
+<p class="caption">The Loser Panoramastraße with view to the Dachstein</p></div>
+
+<p>The cost of the toll road is fairly reasonable if you want to make one
+trip for the view, but quickly becomes prohibitive for a caving expedition
+made up mainly of impoverished students needing to make a dozen or more
+return journeys. Cyclists go free, but 900m of ascent from the village is a
+little excessive with heavy gear. It does make a splendid run back down,
+however ! Trying only to travel at night is possible, but is both underhand
+and rather restrictive, particularly if an emergency arises. Permission is
+needed to camp within the Nature Reserve at the top, so it is best to
+negotiate a cheaper deal. The owner is very interested to know about the
+caves on "his" plateau, so it's important to send a report as soon as
+possible after the expedition.</p>
+
+<p>Familiarity soon breeds contempt, and typical expo drivers don't spend
+much time looking at the view after the first couple of trips. This style of
+driving, combined with visits at quiet times of the day/night, tends to
+result in some fairly quick trip times. For those wanting to do comparisons,
+timings are between the "stop" line across from the toll booth at the bottom,
+and the drainage line (looks like a narrow cattle grid across ¾ of the
+road) at the west end of the car park. We don't recommend speeding through
+the car park owing to the propensity of tourists to wander around looking at
+the views, not the traffic :-)</p>
+
+<table class="trad"><tr><th>Vehicle</th><th>Time up</th><th>by</th><th>Time down</th><th>by</th></tr>
+<tr><td>Bike</td><td>00:48:00</td><td>Becka Lawson (2016)</td><td>00:09:26</td><td>Clive George</td></tr>
+<tr><td> </td><td>01:15:00</td><td>Justin (1992)</td><td> </td><td> </td></tr>
+<tr><td>Car</td><td>00:07:15</td><td>Haydon Saunders (2018)</td><td>00:06:43</td><td>Haydon Saunders (2018)</td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>00:07:46</td><td>Andy Waddington (1998)</td><td>00:07:30</td><td>Andy Waddington (1998)</td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<hr />
+
+
+</body>
+</html>