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[svn r5797] All this bloody mess now validates as XHTML 1.0 Strict. What's more, some of the obviously out of date bits have been updated, or at least notes written to warn people that the information is out of date. I couldn't be arsed to do the surveying guide as well. I've just spent about eight hours doing this, I need food!

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2004-04-22 20:13:46 +02:00
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handbook/survey/gps.htm
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@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang=en>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide
</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<title>CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook: GPS</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../../css/main2.css" />
</head>
<body>
<h2 align=center>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying<br>
Fixing an entrance location by GPS.</h2>
<h2 style="text-align: center">CUCC Expo Surveying Handbook</h2>
<h1>Locating entrances by GPS</h1>
<p>The entrance to a cave significant enough to get a number and a survey
will eventually be marked by a numbered tag attached to a spit. This
@@ -21,14 +19,14 @@ from the start. Unlike the first rigging bolt (often used as the first
point of a survey in the past) it should be sited with a particular
view to its visibility and accessibility without having to put on SRT
kit. If such a point has a clear view of the majority of the sky, then
this is the point to use for a GPS fix too.
this is the point to use for a GPS fix too.</p>
<p>If however, you are dealing with a cave at the foot of a cliff, or
otherwise with a restricted view of the sky, then choose instead a good
landmark with a clear view, and within one (or maybe two) survey shots
of the entrance. If you have found a group of caves close together, it
might be better to GPS a central point rather than get quick (but less
accurate) fixes on each entrance.
accurate) fixes on each entrance.</p>
<p>Once you have chosen your point, mark it in some way (could be a spit hole
or a cairn, for example - we aren't supposed to use paint any more) and place
@@ -41,7 +39,7 @@ mark the point as a waypoint. If your GPS supports averaging, then choose
If it doesn't support averaging, then fix another waypoint at the same
location just before you leave. This shows someone examining the track log
later that all the track points relate to the same spot, and they can then do
the averaging themselves.
the averaging themselves.</p>
<p>While the GPS is recording your location, you can do something useful
(like rigging the cave, doing a surface survey from the GPS point to the
@@ -49,7 +47,7 @@ marker spit, looking for other caves, or even having lunch!) It does not
matter (and may be slightly beneficial) if you leave the GPS longer than half
an hour. But if you want to use it for anything else, remember to stop the
waypoint averaging before moving the unit or changing the display page. Take
a photo of your GPS point showing at least one of your cave entrances too.
a photo of your GPS point showing at least one of your cave entrances too.</p>
<p>It doesn't especially matter what display options are selected when you
are getting the GPS fix, but it is important to use standard ones when
@@ -57,7 +55,7 @@ writing down the reported position in the survey book. Currently we use
"German" grid, "Austrian" datum, and "metric" units. All is not lost if you
can't select this particular set, but it is very important that you <u>write
down what was actually used</u>, since different grid systems can give
results up to a couple of kilometres different !
results up to a couple of kilometres different!</p>
<p>Write down the figure that the GPS gives for each waypoint at the time
(just in case some failure loses the data from the GPS memory). That's all
@@ -66,60 +64,48 @@ time you are in Base Camp (or Top Camp if someone has a laptop :-). This
should be put in a file and a clear reference to it put in the notKH survey
book. Don't alter the file in any way - it may be necessary to upload it to
a GPS unit at some time to do coordinate conversion. Also copy your written
down data to the survey book with all the other details of your cave.
down data to the survey book with all the other details of your cave.</p>
<p>If you want to read about the nitty gritty of converting GPS coordinates
to the ones used by the Kataster system, you can do no better than read
Wookey's <a href="../../years/1996/gps.htm">Compass Points Article</a>.
Briefly, this says "it's horribly complicated and we don't really know how to
do it properly". However, the main point of having a GPS fix on an entrance
is so we can find it again and be sure it is the same one !
is so we can find it again and be sure it is the same one!</p>
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<b>Expedition Handbook</b>:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<b>Surveying</b>:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="index.htm">Back to overview</a> and index of topics<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
<a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a>
to make life easier<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the computer<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.png">
Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>,
writing the description<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.png">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.png">
<a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a><br>
<hr />
<ul id="links">
<li><b>Expedition Handbook</b>:
<ul>
<li>Expo Handbook <a href="../index.htm">Introduction</a></li>
<li><b>Surveying</b>:
<ul>
<li>Surveying <a href="index.htm">Overview</a> and index of
topics</li>
<li><a href="what.htm">What is a cave survey ?</a></li>
<li><a href="why.htm">Why am I doing this ?</a></li>
<li>Methods: <a href="how.htm">underground</a></li>
<li>Pitfalls to avoid, <a href="hints.htm">hints'n'tips</a> to
make life easier</li>
<li>Methods: <a href="ontop.htm">surface</a></li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="getin.htm">getting it in</a> to the
computer</li>
<li>Base Camp: <a href="drawup.htm">drawing it up</a>, writing
the description</li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../look4.htm">Prospecting guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rescue.htm">Rescue guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../rigit.htm">Rigging guide</a></li>
<li><a href="../photo.htm">Photography guide</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../infodx.htm">Index to info/topics pages</a></li>
<li><a href="../../indxal.htm">Full Index to area 1623</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../areas.htm">Area/subarea descriptions</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expedition Intro page</a></li>
<li><a href="../../../index.htm">Back to CUCC Home page</a></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>