expo/expoweb
1
0
Fork 0
mirror of https://expo.survex.com/repositories/expoweb/.git/ synced 2026-02-23 20:55:18 +00:00
Code Issues Packages Projects Releases Wiki Activity

[svn r3779] Added HTML files.

Browse Source
This commit is contained in:
olly
2001-08-15 20:29:27 +02:00
commit 34e8e85d36
1559 changed files with 107968 additions and 0 deletions
Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

105
years/1989/survey.htm Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>1989: Cambridge Underground: 161 Survey</title>
</head>
<body>
<center><font size=-1>Cambridge Underground 1990 p 24</font>
<h1>Cave Survey of 161 Kaninchenh&ouml;hle</h1>
<h3>by Daniel Mace</h3></center>
<p>This year a special effort was made to produce an accurate survey of the
cave. The cave was completely resurveyed from the entrance. Only Adrian's
Route, which was not descended this year, was not resurveyed.
<p>Survey teams consisted of two or three people. One person took notes; the
others read the instruments and decided where to place survey stations. A
centre line survey was conducted by measuring the distance, compass angle
and inclination between two points. Adjacent points had to be visible by a
direct line of sight and were usually chosen on opposite walls so that the
centre line would yield information on the passage sizes.
<p>A leap frogging technique was used; ie. the first survey leg was measured
descending the cave (eg. from station 1 to station 2) and the next leg would
be measured in the opposite direction (from station 3 to 2). This helps to
reduce zero errors in the compass and clinometer.
<p>At each survey station, passage heights, widths and the height of the survey station above the floor were noted. Sketches of plans and elevations were
made. Cross-sections were drawn at points where there was a major change in
passage shape.
<p>The measurements were recorded on permatrace film using a soft pencil.
Whilst underground, the permatrace was protected from water and abrasion in
metal binders. All the notes were still legible on return to Britain. 25m
Rabone Chesterman tapes were used. All distances were measured to the
nearest five centimetres. Suunto sighting compasses and clinometers were
used and all angles were measured to the nearest half degree. In 1988 some
problems were experienced due to the compass and clinometer misting up once
underground in the cold, damp atmosphere. These problems were solved by
drying the instruments in a vacuum desiccator for several days and then
resealing them with a modelling glue before departing for Austria.
<p>After the underground survey was complete, the note taker wrote up the
notes in a survey book at base camp. This was carried out as soon as possible
after the surveying trip. The polar measurements taken underground were
converted to cartesian (x,y,z) co-ordinates using a programmable calculator
and plans and elevations were drawn in Austria.
<p>On return to the U.K. the data were recomputed. The many closed loops in
the survey allowed calculation of errors and these were distributed evenly
around the loops. With the exception of the Olympus series, the errors lay
between 0.5% and 1.75%. Data computation was carried out by Wookey, Mark
Dougherty and Keith Millar with the aid of the 'Cave Surveyor' program by
Sean Kelly. The program also drew a centre line plan and elevation at a
scale of 1:500.
<p>The walls and passage details were then drawn on the the centre line
elevation in pencil. The cross-sections were redrawn from the original notes
on to graph paper, all at the same scale. The surveys were then traced onto
tracing paper using Rotring pen and ink. The cross sections were traced on
to the plan. The lettering for the survey was produced using an Apple
Mackintosh and laser writer and glued onto the tracing paper. Invisible
sellotape was used to stick down the edges. The survey was drawn by Wookey,
Daniel Mace and the resident members of Cambridge University Caving Club.
<p>The survey was photo-reduced slightly and photocopied onto A1 paper.
Copies are available on request from Cambridge University Caving Club.
<hr>
<!-- LINKS -->
<p>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
Cambridge Underground 1990,
<a href="../../../jnl/1990/index.htm">Table of Contents</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
1989 Expedition info:<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
<a href="index.htm">Index</a> (more detail than in this list)<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
<a href="log.htm">Logbook</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
Cambridge Underground Expo Report:<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
<a href="diary.htm">Diary</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
<a href="rescue.htm">The Rescues</a><br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
<a href="cavegd.htm">161 Description</a> to date (ie. 1989)<br>
<img alt="------&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
<a href="camp.htm">Underground Camping</a> experience in 1989<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
<a href="sumup.htm">1976-89 summary</a> of caves found<br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
<a href="bcracc.htm">BCRA Caves &amp; Caving Report</a><br>
<img alt="---&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
<a href="sponsr.htm">Sponsors</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
<a href="../../pubs.htm#1989">Index</a> to all publications<br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expeditions intro page</a><br>
<img alt="&gt;" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
<a href="../../../index.htm">CUCC Home Page</a>
</body>
</html>