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more netconfig docs

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Philip Sargent 2023-04-05 19:47:20 +01:00
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handbook/computing/netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/expo/netconfig
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@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ iface eth0 inet static
#allow-hotplug wlan0 #allow-hotplug wlan0
#iface wlan0 inet dhcp #iface wlan0 inet dhcp
# wpa-ssid potatohut # wpa-ssid potatohut
# wpa-psk 161:gosser # wpa-psk CAVEYBEERYPASSWORD
# Alfa wifi widget to the Gasthof # Alfa wifi widget to the Gasthof
# See /usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/README.modes.gz for config # See /usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/README.modes.gz for config
@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ iface wlan1 inet dhcp
#wook testing config #wook testing config
# wpa-ssid SKYFA4B8 # wpa-ssid SKYFA4B8
# wpa-psk LBTCCYRMRF # wpa-psk WOOKSPECIALPASSWORD
#bridge interface between ethernet (router) and wlan (gasthof) #bridge interface between ethernet (router) and wlan (gasthof)

111
handbook/computing/netconfig.html
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@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ reconnect' checkbox for the "StaudnGast" network.
<li>fakenet2022.tgz - needs to be unpacked into <var>/root</var> <li>fakenet2022.tgz - needs to be unpacked into <var>/root</var>
</ul> </ul>
<p>The files linked in this documentation are sanitized copies, not the master files. Get the master files by ftp or scp from <var>expo.survex.com/home/expo/config/netbook</var>. <p>The files linked in this documentation are sanitized copies, not the master files. Get the master files by ftp or scp from <var>expo.survex.com/home/expo/config/netbook</var>.
<p>Installation instructions are in the <a href="netbookfakenet/readme">readme</a> file. These are all documented below, but do get an updated copy from <var>expo.survex.com/home/expo/config/netbook</var> before you do anything. <p>Installation instructions are in the top-level <a href="netbookfakenet/readme">readme</a> file. These are all documented below, but do get an updated copy from <var>expo.survex.com/home/expo/config/netbook</var> before you do anything.
@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ rmdir $tmp
</code></pre> </code></pre>
As you can see, it attempts to get http://wookware.org/index.html but actually gets the gasthof login form, which it then POSTs to with the Gasthof password - which is not actually GASTSECRET. Get this year's Gasthof password from the reception desk and write it on the whiteboard in the hut. As you can see, it attempts to get http://wookware.org/index.html but actually gets the gasthof login form, which it then POSTs to with the Gasthof password - which is not actually GASTSECRET. Get this year's Gasthof password from the reception desk and write it on the whiteboard in the hut.
<p>Network rebuild script <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/runfakenet">/root/fakenet/runfakenet</a> where ${base} is "/root/fakenet" and ${config} is "expo" as set in <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/config">/root/fakenet/config</a>. (This config is a relic from the CSG script in 2014, see Historical Notes below.) <p>The network rebuild script is <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/runfakenet">/root/fakenet/runfakenet</a> where ${base} is "/root/fakenet" and ${config} is "expo" as set in <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/config">/root/fakenet/config</a>. (This config is a relic from the CSG script in 2014, see Historical Notes below.)
<pre><code>#!/bin/sh -eux <pre><code>#!/bin/sh -eux
. /root/fakenet/config . /root/fakenet/config
@ -232,12 +232,10 @@ ${base}/${config}/gasthoflogin
# Join Acer to potatohut network for admin purposes # Join Acer to potatohut network for admin purposes
#sudo ifup -i ${base}/${config}/netconfig wlan0 #sudo ifup -i ${base}/${config}/netconfig wlan0
</code></pre> </code></pre>
<h4>Other vital configuration bits</h4> <h4>Other vital configuration bits</h4>
<p>The <var>/root/fakenet/expo/hosts</var> file is just two lines:
<pre><code>10.0.1.2 tclapsire3 <p>The file that configures the wifi, if it is not managed by the Netgear box and its web control panel, is the file <var>/root/fakent/expo/hostapd.conf</var>
10.0.1.1 router
</code></pre>
<p>The file that configures the wifi is the file <var>/root/fakent/expo/hostapd.conf</var>
<pre><code>interface=wlan0 <pre><code>interface=wlan0
driver=nl80211 driver=nl80211
ssid=tattyhut ssid=tattyhut
@ -255,10 +253,9 @@ rsn_pairwise=CCMP
where CAVEYBEERYPASSWORD is our usual expo password. In 2022 this capability was configured by the Netgear control panel, not by this file on the netbook. where CAVEYBEERYPASSWORD is our usual expo password. In 2022 this capability was configured by the Netgear control panel, not by this file on the netbook.
<p>The file that configures the DNS and DHCP is <var>/root/fakent/expo/dnamasq.conf</var> and it is very long with <p>The file that configures the DNS and DHCP is <var>/root/fakent/expo/dnamasq.conf</var> and it is very long with
most of the lines commented out with an initial '#', so they are not all listed here. (You can read a copy of it <a most of the lines commented out with an initial '#', so they are not all listed here. (You can read a copy of it: <a
href="copy-of-dnsmasq.conf">here</a>). On the netbook 'eth0' is the interface with the antenna (which is actually a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/expo/dnsmasq.conf">/root/fakenet/expo/dnsmasq.conf</a> ). On the netbook 'eth0' is
USB socket) and 'wlan0' is the ethernet socket interface to the cable to the Netgear box. Some of the more relevant the interface with the antenna (which is actually a USB socket) and 'wlan0' is the netbook's ethernet socket interface to the cable going to the Netgear box. Some of the more relevant lines are:
lines are:
<pre><code>interface=wlan0 <pre><code>interface=wlan0
dhcp-range=192.168.1.10,192.168.1.199,12h dhcp-range=192.168.1.10,192.168.1.199,12h
addn-hosts=/root/fakenet/expo/hosts addn-hosts=/root/fakenet/expo/hosts
@ -266,23 +263,101 @@ expand-hosts
domain=potato.hut domain=potato.hut
no-dhcp-interface=eth0 no-dhcp-interface=eth0
</code></pre> </code></pre>
Note the line <var>addn-hosts=/root/fakenet/expo/hosts</var> which refers to the first file listed above which defines the names of the machines for the two ends of the cable between the netbook and the Netgear box.
<p>The netconfig file referred to in <var>runfakenet</var> is <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/expo/netconfig">/root/fakenet/expo/netconfig</a>.<br />
The <a href="https://manpages.debian.org/bullseye/ifupdown/interfaces.5.en.html">interfaces(5)</a> man pages are online. <br />
The <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/WiFi/HowToUse">debian Wifi Interface</a> documentation is online. <br />
The <a href="https://github.com/ystk/debian-wpasupplicant/blob/master/debian/README.Debian">debian wpasupplicant MODES</a> documentation is online. <br />See also <a href="https://manpages.debian.org/buster/wpasupplicant/wpa_supplicant.8.en.html">WPA_SUPPLICANT(8)</a>
<p>
The operative lines of the <var>netconfig</var> file are:</p>
<pre><code># This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5).
# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
# The primary network interface
auto eth0
# connection to router
allow-hotplug eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.1.2
netmask 255.255.255.0
dns-nameservers 10.0.1.2
# Alfa wifi widget to the Gasthof
# See /usr/share/doc/wpasupplicant/README.modes.gz for config
allow-hotplug wlan1
iface wlan1 inet dhcp
wireless-essid StaudnGast
# Access to the Acer netbook from the potatohut WiFi network
# auto wlan0
#allow-hotplug wlan0
#iface wlan0 inet dhcp
# wpa-ssid potatohut
# wpa-psk CAVEYBEERYPASSWORD
#bridge interface between ethernet (router) and wlan (gasthof)
#not used 2022 (wireless to eth bridgr not allowed?)
#auto br0
#iface br0 inet static
#bridge_ports wlan1 eth0
# address 10.0.1.3
# netmask 255.255.255.0
</code></pre>
<p>The masquerade file referred to in <var>runfakenet</var> is <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/expo/masquerade">/root/fakenet/expo/masquerade</a>
and the operative lines are</p>
<pre><code>#!/bin/sh -eux
sudo sysctl net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wlan1 -j MASQUERADE
</code></pre>
Note the line <var>addn-hosts=/root/fakenet/expo/hosts</var> which refers to the first file listed above which defines the names of the machines for the two ends of the cable between the netbook and the Netgear box. This <var>/root/fakenet/expo/hosts</var> file is just two lines. The name of the Netgear box is 'router' even though all routing is actually done by the netbook.
<pre><code>10.0.1.2 tclapsire3
10.0.1.1 router
</code></pre>
<p>The cron job file that configures <var>crontab</var> to run the fakenet script every 60 seconds is <p>The cron job file that configures <var>crontab</var> to run the fakenet script every 60 seconds is
<a href="netbookfakenet/70-persistent-net.rules">70-persistent-net.rules</a>. It is a single line of cron configuraiton: <a href="netbookfakenet/70-persistent-net.rules">70-persistent-net.rules</a>. It is a single line of cron configuration:
<pre><code>*/1 * * * * root [ -x /root/fakenet/keepalive ] && /root/fakenet/keepalive <pre><code>*/1 * * * * root [ -x /root/fakenet/keepalive ] && /root/fakenet/keepalive
</code></pre> </code></pre>
where the initial <samp>*/1 * * * *</samp> means that it runs once a minute, on every hour, day, month and year. where the initial <samp>*/1 * * * *</samp> means that it runs once a minute, on every hour, day, month and year.
<p> The init script which configures everything when the netbook is booted up is <p>There is also a historical relic <a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/keepaliveharder">/root/fakenet/keepaliveharder</a> which is no longer needed as it has been subsumed within <var>keepalive</var>.
<pre><code>MISSING
MISSING - need to get this...
</code></pre>
<h2>Buggeration - how it will all go wrong..</h2> <p>There is a utility script which perhaps may be useful when configuring the network
<a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/stopfakenet">/root/fakenet/stopfakenet</a> which stops everything:
<pre><code>#!/bin/sh
. ./config
sudo ifdown -i ${base}/${config}/netconfig eth0
sudo ifdown -i ${base}/${config}/netconfig wlan0
sudo ifdown -i ${base}/${config}/netconfig wlan1
sudo killall dnsmasq
sudo killall svnserve
#sudo service hostapd stop
sudo service wicd start
</code></pre>
(No, I don't know why killing hostpad is commented out.)
<p> There is no init script which automatically configures everything when the netbook is booted up. The cron job running once a minute will restart everything after a minute or two.
<h2 id="buggeration">Buggeration - how it will all go wrong..</h2>
<p>We are using an old way of configuring network interfaces in debian. Which will all break at some point when <p>We are using an old way of configuring network interfaces in debian. Which will all break at some point when
someone does a debian upgrade. The scripts use the <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkInterfaceNames"> someone does a debian upgrade. The scripts use the <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkInterfaceNames">
"Predicatable Names" scheme</a> and <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/iptables">iptables</a> which are both earmarked for destruction. "Predicatable Names" scheme</a> and <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/iptables">iptables</a> which are both earmarked for destruction.
<p> Note that "Wicd is not available in Debian 11/Bullseye or newer" - <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/WiFi/HowToUse">debian Wifi Interface</a> documentation.
<p>This is intentional. As Wookey wrote in
<a href="netbookfakenet/fakenet2022/README-expo">/root/fakenet/README-expo</a>:<br />
<em>"It's quite low-level and old-fashioned so one can understand it :-)"</em>
<p>So all this will need reimplementing for expo 2024.
<h2>Historical Notes</h2> <h2>Historical Notes</h2>