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<title>CUCC Expedition Handbook: Website History</title>
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<h2 id="tophead">CUCC Expedition Handbook</h2>
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<h1>EXPO Data Management History</h1>
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<h2>History in review</h2>
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<p>
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Over 32 years, CUCC has developed methods for handling such information. Refinements in data
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management were made necessary by improved quantity and quality of survey; but refinements in
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data management also helped to drive those improvements. The first CUCC Austria expedition, in
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1976, produced only Grade 1 survey for the most part (ref <a href="http://expo.survex.com/years/1977/report.htm">
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Cambridge Underground 1977 report</a>). In
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the 1980s, the use of programmable calculators to calculate survey point position from compass,
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tape, and clinometer values helped convince expedition members to conduct precise surveys of
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every cave encountered. Previously, such work required hours of slide rule or log table work. On
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several expeditions, such processing was completed after the expedition by a FORTRAN program
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running on shared mainframe time. BASIC programs running on personal computers took over with
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the release of the BBC Micro and then the Acorn A4.
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<p>In the 1990s, Olly Betts and Wookey began
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work on "<a href="http://www.survex.com">Survex</a>", a
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program in C for the calculation and 3-D visualization of centerlines, with
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intelligent loop closure processing. Julian Todd's Java program "Tunnel" facilitated the
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production of attractive, computerized passage sketches from Survex centerline data and scanned
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hand-drawn notes.
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<p>Along with centrelines and sketches, descriptions of caves were also affected by improvements
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in data management. In a crucial breakthrough, Andrew Waddinton introduced the use of the
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nascent markup language HTML to create an interlinked, navigable system of descriptions. Links
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in HTML documents could mimic the branched and often circular structure of the caves themselves.
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For example, the reader could now follow a link out of the main passage into a side passage, and
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then be linked back into the main passage description at the point where the side passage
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rejoined the main passage. This elegant use of technology enabled and encouraged expedition
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members to better document their exploration.
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<p>To organize all other data, such as lists of caves and their explorers, expedition members
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eventually wrote a number of scripts which took spreadsheets (or comma separated value
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files, .CSV ) of information and produced webpages in HTML. Other scripts also used information
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from Survex data files. Web pages for each cave as well as the indexes which listed all of the
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caves were generated by one particularly powerful script, <em>make-indxal4.pl</em> . The same data was
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used to generate a prospecting map as a JPEG image. The system of automatically generating
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webpages from data files reduced the need for repetitive manual HTML coding. Centralized storage
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of all caves in a large .CSV file with a cave on each row made the storage of new information
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more straightforward.
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<p>Another important element of this system was version control. The entire data structure was
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stored initially in a Concurrent Version System repository, and later migrated to
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Subversion. Any edits to the spreadsheets which caused the scripts to fail, breaking the
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website, could be easily reversed.
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<p>However, not all types of data could be stored in spreadsheets or survey files. In order a
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display descriptions on the webpage for an individual cave, the entire description, written in
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HTML, had to be typed into a spreadsheet cell. A spreadsheet cell makes for an extremely awkward
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HTML editing environment. To work around this project, descriptions for large caves were written
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manually as a tree of HTML pages and then the main cave page only contained a link to them.
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<p>A less obvious but more deeply rooted problem was the lack of relational information. One
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table named <em>folk.csv</em> stored names of all expedition members, the years in which they were
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present, and a link to a biography page. This was great for displaying a table of members by
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expedition year, but what if you wanted to display a list of people who wrote in the logbook
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about a certain cave in a certain expedition year? Theoretically, all of the necessary
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information to produce that list has been recorded in the logbook, but there is no way to access
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it because there is no connection between the person's name in <em>folk.csv</em> and the entries he wrote
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in the logbook.
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<p>The only way that relational information was stored in our csv files was by putting
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references to other files into spreadsheet cells. For example, there was a column in the main
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cave spreadsheet, <em>cavetab2.csv</em> , which contained the path to the QM list for each cave. The
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haphazard nature of the development of the "script and spreadsheet" method meant that every cave
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had an individual system for storing QMs. Without a standard system, it was sometimes unclear
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how to correctly enter data.
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<p><em>From "<a href="../../troggle/docsEtc/troggle_paper.odt" download>
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Troggle: a novel system for cave exploration information management</a>", by Aaron Curtis, CUCC.</em>
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<hr />
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<h2>History in summary</h2>
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<p>The CUCC Website, which publishes the cave data, was originally created by
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Andy Waddington in the early 1990s and was hosted by Wookey.
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The version control system was <a href="https://www.nongnu.org/cvs/">CVS</a>. The whole site was just static HTML, carefully
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designed to be RISCOS-compatible (hence the short 10-character filenames)
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as both Wadders and Wookey were <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RISC_OS">RISCOS"</a> people then (in the early 1990s).
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Wadders wrote a huge amount of info collecting expo history, photos, cave data etc.</p>
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<p>Martin Green added the <em>survtab.csv</em> file to contain tabulated data for many caves around 1999, and a
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script to generate the index pages from it. Dave Loeffler added scripts and programs to generate the
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prospecting maps in 2004. The server moved to Mark Shinwell's machine in the early
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2000s, and the version control system was updated to <a href="https://subversion.apache.org/">subversion</a>.</p>
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<p>In 2006 Aaron Curtis decided that a more modern set of generated, database-based pages
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made sense, and so wrote Troggle.
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This uses Django to generate pages.
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This reads in all the logbooks and surveys and provides a nice way to access them, and enter new data.
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It was separate for a while until Martin Green added code to merge the old static pages and
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new troggle dynamic pages into the same site. Work on Troggle still continues sporadically.</p>
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<p>After Expo 2009 the version control system was updated to hg (Mercurial),
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because a distributed version control system makes a great deal of sense for expo
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(where it goes offline for a month or two and nearly all the year's edits happen).</p>
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<p>The site was moved to Julian Todd's seagrass server (in 2010),
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but the change from a 32-bit to 64-bit machine broke the website autogeneration code,
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which was only fixed in early 2011, allowing the move to complete. The
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data was split into separate repositories: the website,
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troggle, the survey data, the tunnel data. Seagrass was turned off at
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the end of 2013, and the site has been hosted by Sam Wenham at the
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university since Feb 2014. In 2018 we have 4 repositories, see <a href="update.htm">the website manual</a></p>.
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<p>In spring 2018 Sam, Wookey and Paul Fox updated the Linux version and the Django version to
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something vaguely acceptable to the university computing service and fixed all the problems that were then observed.
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</div>
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Return to<br>
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<a href="update.html">Website update</a><br>
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<a href="expodata.html">Website developer information</a><br>
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<hr>
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