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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN">
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<html lang=en>
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<head>
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<title>
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1987: Logbook
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</title>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h2>AUSTRIA 1987</h2>
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The first part of the log is traditionally taken up by the journey out.<br>
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If this is of no interest, here is a link <a href="#start">to the caving</a>!
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<p>1st intrepid explorers left on Thursday 20th, closely followed by those
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taking more luxurious forms of transport (!) on Friday. The streak lightning
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team Millers, xxxx and Jenny, arrived at the campsite first (17½ hours
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after leaving Cambridge, despite xxxxting in incredible storm with
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spectacular lightning before arriving at Dover, we managed to get an early
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ferry (thus missing meeting Rover). There were absolutely no momentous
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events (well, as far as I am aware, as I spent most of the journey in the
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land of nod).
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<p>The S.L. team arrived at about 2.00 and after spending an incredible
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amount of time pitching our tents, a short walk was taken (the weather being
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v hot) and then we decided to get 4 people into a two-person dinghy. Much fun
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was had and the 10-person attempt must soon be made.
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<p>The evening was rounded off with a pint and looking at surveys.
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<p>PS. A Slow worm crapped on Ian when he picked it up.
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<p>PPS. A short while after we had returned to the tents I (Jenny) was
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awakened by a shadow (of a man !) kneeling down by my tent. When I opened up
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the zip I saw someone running away - V. suspicious I'm sure. After a couple
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of minutes a timid voice said 'Are you a caver ?'. The mysterious intruder
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proved to be Juliette's boyfriend, Stonker.<hr>
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Team 'Wet Sponge' left Cambridge on Friday at a caving 6 O'Clock (ie. 8
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O'Clock). Chris took the wheel after leaving to see how to drive, and
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managed to get to Dover without getting struck by lightning or even given a
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breath test. They wouldn't let Jared on the ferry (in case the extra weight
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made it roll over), so he had to get the ferry to Ostend a few hours later.
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Got to Zeebrugge without mishap (they closed the doors this time) where Mike
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drove to Ostend to pick up Jared (his ferry overtook ours). Mike drove a few
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hours, then Chris slogged out the rest with an occasional prod whenever he
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threatened to drive off the road. Easy drive (not as if we were going to
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drive into the back of anything else on the road !) We had a small detour in
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Germany when we took the wrong autobahn (foreign dignposts !) Got lost
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driving around looking for petrol and got strange looks from the garage
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attendant when the land-rover started urinating on his forecourt. No-one
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stopped us at the customs (too smelly) so hit Bad Aussee, Austria by about
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12.30 at night GMT. Arrived to see a mysterious furtive rustling from a
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green tent at the site (who was groping whom is of course confidential).
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Since the faster smoothie didn't buy us a crate, we had to go to bed
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sober.<hr>
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Grubby hitchers (Andrew and BKA) made it around 12.30 Sunday (3 days of
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<u>variable</u> going) - Train London -> Dover, ferry 2 minutes later, got
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amazinbg lift to beyond Köln - unfortunately the Geordie had already
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been up well over 24 hours, had driven ~14 hours, and was definitely fading
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by the time we met him. Embarassingly, he even gave us DM10, being as we had
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no marks. Arrived salubrious service station 3.30 am. Good hitching on Friday
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- Haydn's Firework music blasting through lorry cabin, two highly hirsute
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types, furry car-seats and closed car-windows, sauna-style, excessively fast
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Audi. Had Bournvitas, approached by stick-insect type hitcher, were evilly
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snotty to him, and he turned out very nice, felt reet bastards. Service
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station just outside München for the night, nearly trampled by horses,
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eaten alive by midges. Found ourselves on local dogwalk as emerged next
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morning. Blissful lake swim, then HELLISH day hitching - did ~15 km. Finally
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get 5 min lift in open-top Merc (no leg space and <u>v</u> windy, but fun),
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then sweltered in mid-Munich, getting <u>nowhere</u>. Finally got two buses
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and a tram, to cross München. Approached by crippled lurching tramp
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wanting food for his dog. Spoke English too, malheureusement. Andrew collared
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poor Australian (complete with didgeredoo)(who'd just smashed in a car's door
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$200 worth, was broke) who took us to a service station. <u>Bad</u> hitching
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there, tried 'till 9 pm. Camped on filthy, slimy, smelly mat of grass, in
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traffic island being lulled to sleep by 5000 cars per hour. Watched, in
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amazement, as put in contact lenses in morning, by audience of 5 gaping
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gypsies. <u>Finally</u> got amazing lift <u>all</u> the way to campsite car
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park by V.V. kind Austrian couple (with appropriate slobbering grovels).
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Devoured half of expedition food (after 4 days of stale bread and sweaty
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cheese). Juliette arrived, after we'd 'swum' in river (v. necessary). Walked,
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swum, washed clothes, walk, ate, ate, etc.<hr>
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Its hard to envisage the raw courage of one lone feminist setting out into
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the raw uncivilised wastes of Europe to get to .... sin city, Salzburg.
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Actually, wasn't too bad - found someone on the train who'd been to
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Peterhouse. Of course, ferry'd been deserted by the Townsend Thoresen
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"Spirit of Commercial Consideration over Public Safety" disaster.
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Same couldn't be said of train - spent night breathing Japanese feet. Didn't
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wake up because hadn't slept (sulk). Saw alps rising suddenly and
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majestically out of plain, blah, blah, poetry etc. Lots of cataracts,
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forests, precipices and poets standing on hilltops. Out of train onto
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Postbus (gosh ! isn't Salzburg pretty ?) SPEAKING GERMAN AND BEING
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UNDERSTOOD. Lots of lakes etc. Changed onto train at Bad Ischl STILL JUST
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ABOUT COMMUNICATING. Very pretty of course, gosh, wow. Found Bad Aussee and
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bus immediately (good excuse not to walk) and Gasthof and NO CAVERS. Bloody
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Hell, sulked in river and talked to local cats, flashed myself at car
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drivers and eventually ate cold rice pudding. Don't want to cave - am going
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to lie in river for 3 weeks.<hr>
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<a name="start">23/8/87</a> Exploring on plateau 8 hrs surface work
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<p>Mike R, Jenny, Ian, Keith, Dave, Jared, Chris, Mike M
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<p>Quick ? Stroll ? Swelter ? to Bunter's Bulge. Ate lunch. Looked at an
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extensive area in the depression beyond. Very little of note except that the
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area is very shattered and most shafts are broken. Exception being too tight
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and presenting an impossible dig !
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<p>Found "TC" but not 153, 154 & 155 - will have another look
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later. Couple of shafts still to be looked at (have to return to collect
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Jenny's glasses !!)
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<p>Very schematic map ! grade 1 ish
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<p>
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<pre width="80">
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down hill area looked at
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^ /
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----------|------------------------/----------
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| | L |
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| ----------------------------------------
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| /¯¯¯¯¯¯¯¯-------________ |
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| / -------------------\--------------------
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| / L__ |
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| / \ |
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|/ ---------------------|-------------------
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X | |
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/| / |
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( | -----------------------/----------------------
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\| / |
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X / |
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L\___________________________|__________
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\ --------- | __---__
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\ / Large \ | ( ) Bunter's
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\__________/ Snow ___\/ ¯¯---¯¯ Bulge
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¯--________- "TC" (¯¯¯) Hole
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¯¯¯ Doesn't go -
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Been explored previously
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</pre>
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<hr>
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24/8/87
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<p>Team Silver Streak ! Or something like it (Streak Lightning)<br>
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Jenny Keith, Ian, Chris, Mike M
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<p>Early start (11.30 am) and trip to ridge caves. Down Stogerweg to 32 for
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brief stop and then on to P.2. Hacked up to 113 via several draughting holes
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which were examined.
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<p>Definitive guide to Austria refers to 109 as "hole stepped over on way
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to 113" it is. This draughts excessively but unfortunately doesn't come
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to anything significant.
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<p>[ Plan ]
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<p>[ elevation ]
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<p>Then continued up to 113 (P0). and surface surveyed back to P2 via P1.
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Also looked at 87 which could be felt from the path. Tremendous draught and,
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contrary to description, probably has got "some point" to bolting
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into passage following draught. Examining survey, 87 could connect to Big
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Chamber area of 115 at Futility series passage !
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<p>Returned to camp stopping momentarily to see even more chamois and attempt
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photography.
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<p>The end, Mike M
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<p>Mike sent Chris on a Bunde-bashing trip (Ah- there's a cave in that hill -
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recognise that tree anywhere) and after much hardship found a wonderful
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draughting cave which turned out to be 2 minutes from the path and had the
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symbol 87 by it - what does this mean ?
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<p>Surface time 8½ hours.<hr>
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Animal discovered what he thought was 153, even though it had no numbers,
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was 1000m from the nipple (rather than the 60m expected), yet it had a
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strong draught, had a panoramic view, as warned, and was beneath a boulder
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(surprise indeed !) But he had no caving gear. All summoned and me, the only
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one with gear, went down beyond the light and holes and pitches imagined.
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Lots of huffing and general descent to a strong breeze and a tight tight
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rift that I couldn't pass, backwards forwards, sideways or upside down. Wait
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for Jenny or Chris with narrower chests.
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<p>No particular climbs and the rift is parallel to a fault in the main rock.
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<p>It wasn't 153.
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<p>Next. (Look I'm the only one with caving gear today) Found various holes
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that breezed but were blocked, so with expectant wandering through thick
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bushes discovered a big entrance that tightened to a very small crawl (lots
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of scratched until oversuit was donned). Right angle turn, change to stand
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and change direction. This ran into a different passage heading left-right,
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right silted up, left a fair hands and knees crawl with virgin mud that
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again silted up (perhaps diggable, but to what I don't know). Half way back,
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a draught and squeeze that I couldn't manage but is perhaps possible - soon
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widens out ... go & see (and its harder coming back through the first
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crawl).
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<p>MEANWHILE back at the surface. David found a nice-looking hole v near the
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Nipple but it blocked after 20 ft ish (Has been known for many years, Mike
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M). Becca & Juliette found a _v_ drafty hole at the bottom of a little
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cliff near big ice-sheet which was well-henried and blocked. (Looked at
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yesterday by Keith and Mike). Jared crawled into it. David and Juliette
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found a POTENTIAL SHAFT - seems v. deep with water at bottom between blasted
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tree and ice sheet. Side of depression.
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<p>Various other holes were found to be blocked or found to seem too cold and
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left. One or two really ought to be revisited I suppose.
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<p>Where are they ?!<hr>
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25/8/87
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<p>It rained in the morning, stopped - we went up to the plateau and it
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rained again. We descended and everyone except MM went down the salt mines.
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<p>Evening: Surface time 3 hrs
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<p>Ian (team stupid sod !) + Mike M (Team cripple) went in search of the Holy
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Grail (otherwise known as Jenny's glasses, which had been left at an
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entrance somewhere on the ridge/ depression beyond the Nipple) 40 mins walk
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from the car park to Nipple and collected Ian's gear. Light rapidly fading
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and mist swirled around. Having found all other entrances looked at on
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Sunday, we failed in our quest. In total darkness we retreated to the
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footpath (found by chance) and retreated to the car park for a kip whilst
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waiting for those down 87.<hr>
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Hole 87 Reexploration - Jenny, Chris Keith
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<p>The day before, while walking to 113, we felt a howling draught coming
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from 87. The survey showed this as fully explored but we felt that they may
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have overlooked something when they dismissed a couple of passages.
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<p>We went underground at 8.45 pm. After a wonderful sledge/abseil down the
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first pitch, an icy draught met us at the bottom and we put 2 new bolts in
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while Chris retrieved the rope which he had left at the top.
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<p>The second pitch proved to 25m (not 15) due to the snow at the bottom. The
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draught seemed to disappear somewhere down this pitch, but this may have
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been due to the cave widening.
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<p>The third pitch was about 20m. There may have been a possible way off to
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one side, landing on a loose slope.
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<p>We got to the top of the next pitch, but due to the state of the rope and
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the hang on the bolts we decided to abort the trip.
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<p>We did a little bit of exploring on the way out. Chris thought a passage
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at the bottom of the first pitch ought to be explored more thoroughly.
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<p>We came out at about 2.00 am.
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<p>Time underground 5¼ hours. Jenny.<hr>
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113 again - reexploration (Animal, Becca, Jared, Andrew)
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<p>Down to the hading (?) rifts to try and find a lateral connection to
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Stellerveg (?) [these damned vegetarians get everywhere] - 41 and perhaps
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recover a stinky and helmet from the bottom of Perilous Ibbeth / Ibeeth
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Perilous Pitch. Ages to find the actual entrance - yellow marks on
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night-time rock not altogether visible. Mike A rigged, couldn't find the old
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bolt so re-anchored to avoid the knife-sharp edges and three frozen cavers
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soon descended to a snow slope and three foot ice-pool (wet feet for some).
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Down the rifts, down and down - on a very rough calculation the slope was
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90m long (through squeezes and climbs), 90° strike angle (dipping
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right, angle taken) 25° downward (v approx). Some fabulous, truly so,
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ice stalagmites and 'tites - forty feet at one stage and enormous ... found
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abolt hole at the bottom of this rift way - we'd probably come off the main
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route. Couldn't find any lateral rifts that went anywhere so back to
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entrance pitch, foot of, and then down a different way - right and down
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rather than straight on, trying to find Ibbeth Perilous and the Foxes
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Glacier. Little glaciers and very steep slopes - Andrew went down to see
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what was there. At bottom of slopes (70 ft down at 45°), hole off to
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the left and a steep wet slope up (you'd need a handline or sticky boots,
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grasshopper like, to get up). Another steep slope down, a fair way from the
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sound of rocks. Animal and Jared found a pitch to the right of the first
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slope but could see no bolts and felt no urge to descend. Which Andrew did:
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on second descent of slope, a huge boulder gave way and he went shooting
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down these 70 foot ridges to get a gashed hand, four stitches, and no more
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caving. The official version is he fell down while descending the footpath
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(official for other cavers/tourists etc.) ... Out at 3.30, back at dump at
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5.30 (starting underground 10 pm ish)
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<p>T/U 6½ ish hours
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<p>Moral of the tale - seriously. WATCH OUT FOR LOOSE BOULDERS - nothing's
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necessarily solid: no-one's ever been down before & frost damage means
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everything's dodgy. And if you don't believe it, you may well find yourself
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in plaster up to the elbow, if you're lucky (A's postscript).<hr>
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26/8/87 87
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<p>Team: Keith, Ian, Juliette & Mike (this is getting sillier all the
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time 'cos of the knees) Martin.
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<p>Time underground 4½ hours.
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<p>This is a truly impressive entrance. Bit chilly though. Descended to head
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of last pitch, which was very black. Superb rig, figure of 8 on bight xxxx
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beautiful freehang. Pitch head very intimidating so only MM descended. There
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was no sensible way on. Did climb 15m up until xxxx it became silly. A drxxxx
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cxxx down this. [ was this written in red ? it hasn't photcopied well...] The
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draught steadily decreases the further down the gxxxxx. Facing down the
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pitches there are a series of rifts at various levels off to the left - each
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one takes part of the total draught until almost none is noticeable at the
|
||
|
|
bottom.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>At head of third pitch a xxxx small tube follows aforementioned rift/fault
|
||
|
|
trending in a straight line with small deviations up and down. Continues to
|
||
|
|
a narrow slot - undescended, also a larger stream passage with gravel floor
|
||
|
|
~6m below with drip entering (noise). Appears to head straight into the hill
|
||
|
|
and is very reminiscent of the small tube from 142 to bottom of audible
|
||
|
|
connection in 143.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>See over for sketch of plan.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>[ this sketch is almost completely unintelligible, at least in photocopy
|
||
|
|
]<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
113: Becka, Jenny, Jared, Chris, Mike (Animal) 27/8/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Went with intention of doing a bit of surveying (maybe) but descended next
|
||
|
|
ramp after Andy's and found only way on was through to bottom of Andy's
|
||
|
|
ramp. Rigged down pitch found last time then farted around swapping ropes
|
||
|
|
over. Becka and Jenny descended first and then wittered about whether it
|
||
|
|
would be possible to prussick up. Mike went down and went past and found a
|
||
|
|
_helmet_ - see Wadder's notes - this was on an ice/rock blockage which was
|
||
|
|
partially dismantled (care taken in case whole lot gave way). Descended
|
||
|
|
about 15' more, view round corner to chamber (probably) but too many rub
|
||
|
|
points to descend and no more hangers. On way up spotted alternative route
|
||
|
|
for next time (see "survey") which will avoid remaining hanging
|
||
|
|
death. Several bolts will be needed.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Mike (I'm slowly getting more crippled) M's bit ! 27/8/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Surface time 11 hrs.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Having got back from previous trip ~ 2 am then writing up findings, I then
|
||
|
|
discovered note on my tent that the others had volunteered me to go with the
|
||
|
|
Austrians to show them our caves (at 9 am):-
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Having warned them of my dicky knees he said the walk was easy and not
|
||
|
|
far, so 1 hour later I was hacking up to the peak between V & H
|
||
|
|
Schwarzmooskogel. The others went up to Hinterschwarzmooskogel to the fixed
|
||
|
|
measuring point. Using very flash LASER RANGEFINDER, a permanent station
|
||
|
|
(0/1) was made which gave a view of the plateau. The others moved their
|
||
|
|
equipment to the above point and we went in search of Steinschlagschaft ? We
|
||
|
|
couldn't find it ! Hence left a permanent marker (0/2) on a pavement of rock
|
||
|
|
near one of our cairns and two deep shafts. See over for how to find this
|
||
|
|
point.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>[ diagram which shows not how to find it, but how to know when you have
|
||
|
|
found it ]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Then proceeded to make another mark on prominent outcrop of rock near
|
||
|
|
large depression with snow plug and a number of deep shafts. (slightly (~10m)
|
||
|
|
above path marked with cairns).
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>0/4 is the first survey point of Wolfhöhle. Then off into the
|
||
|
|
plateau. Found 107, 83. If you follow gully up until you can see the peak
|
||
|
|
between V & H Schwarzmooskogel, 0/5 is on a slab of rock above a gully to
|
||
|
|
right. The edge of the gully also has a red paint marker !
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Next to 106, which has been renumbered 76. Permanent marker placed on slab
|
||
|
|
above 76A.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>The Austrians have reallocated 88 to the Germans who have an extensive
|
||
|
|
cave of over 6 km with several pitches which drops into one of our caves.
|
||
|
|
They don't know which one - we shall have to visit them to discuss.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Saturday 29th August
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>113 Jared, Ian, Jenny, Keith
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Left camp at 7.15 am and walked up to 113 in the mist. The entrance was
|
||
|
|
descended without incident. Andy's ramp was descended and Ibbeth Perilous.
|
||
|
|
Ibbeth Perilous was rerigged and new bolts installed to avoid some of the
|
||
|
|
many rub points. At the base of Ibbeth Perilous, the next pitch was rigged
|
||
|
|
and came out into a large chamber with several passages off. These were all
|
||
|
|
blocked except for one. This is a traverse over a large rift which comes out
|
||
|
|
into (Opera House ?) we think, due to the presence of two naf bolts.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>An uneventful exit was made with Ian taking some pictures on the entrance
|
||
|
|
pitch. Group sleepy arrived as we were ascending the entrance pitch.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Time underground 6½ hours.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Saturday 29/8/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>109 Jared, Ian
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Went down entrance free climb to find short pitch. At the bottom I (Ian)
|
||
|
|
colected bones from small passage blocked after about 2 feet. Most bones
|
||
|
|
were there, including skull, lower jaws, vertebræ, ribs, legs etc.
|
||
|
|
with some brown fur and a hoof which I think is from a small Chamois or Roe
|
||
|
|
Deer. All bones in arm's reach were removed. The Austrians will be given at
|
||
|
|
least the skull and lower jaws.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Time underground ½ hour. Ian<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Saturday 29/8/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>113 Animal, Juliette, Becka, Chris
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Group sensible left base camp at 12 (a disturbed night due to group
|
||
|
|
insanity leaving in the early hours rather noisily). Walked up to entrance
|
||
|
|
pitch and met others coming up. We descended at 3 pm & Mike & Chris
|
||
|
|
did the first (easy) bit of surveying up to the top of Ibbeth Perilous. Left
|
||
|
|
the two others to do the more entertaining vertical bits, while M C
|
||
|
|
descended to the bottom of the chamber rigged by others. Saw rusted bolts of
|
||
|
|
previous generation sticking out of rock. Chris tried freeclimbing down the
|
||
|
|
side but wimped out over what sounded like pitch at bottom. Many small
|
||
|
|
passages leading off around entire chamber, after investigation, all got too
|
||
|
|
tight or headed back up rift.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Animal leaned on a boulder 4 ft cubed, which rolled off down the passage
|
||
|
|
giving him a nice surprise. Boiled up some meaty soup with dig bix, then
|
||
|
|
some vege stuff for the vegys, just as Becka and Juliette descended
|
||
|
|
(overtaken on way down by Mikes torch). Detackled on the way out. Becka
|
||
|
|
showed her appreciation of Mike's cooking & Marathon bar in a glorious
|
||
|
|
technicolour yawn - the ledge above the iced-in rocks above the pitch to the
|
||
|
|
chamber shall henceforth be known as Marathon Ledge. The ice holding in the
|
||
|
|
rocks had cleared a bit since last time - rather tenuously attached. Got out
|
||
|
|
of cave around 11-30, trudged back & got to camp around 2-30 am.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Chris. T/U 9 hrs<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
30/8/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Team surface prospecting (cripples), Keith, Ian, Jenny, Andy, Jared + Mike
|
||
|
|
M
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Walk to Braüning col then follow cairns up toward Vd Schwarzmoos
|
||
|
|
kogel - First explored holes near 0/2 which didn't amount to anything (short
|
||
|
|
thru trip) and required no gear - considered too low and close to
|
||
|
|
Wolfhöhle.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Climbed up to area near 0/1 - Shaft ~40m deep explored by Ian and numbered
|
||
|
|
156. For sketch see survey data at back giving location of cave.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>[ misleading diagram referred to 0/2 with no north arrow ]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Tumbling Boulder Hall was first explored by Jared and then by Mike M. The
|
||
|
|
latter fully appreciating the looseness of the rocks ! Consisted of phreatic
|
||
|
|
uplift passage, 3m diameter, ~45°, ~60m.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>[ a sketch ]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Met German/French cavers
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>We have a problem ! Their survey suggests that they have joined at the Big
|
||
|
|
Pitch in Stellerweg. The description of the passages matches. Unfortunately
|
||
|
|
they have surveyed to 113 and their position of this doesn't correspond to
|
||
|
|
ours. Tomorrow we will have to survey from 144 to
|
||
|
|
Schwarzmooskogeleishöhle to their cave 88 and then if time permits to
|
||
|
|
113 and 152 - some hope !?!!
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Mike M
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Surface time 7 hrs.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Time underground Ian ¾ hrs<br>
|
||
|
|
Jared ¼ hrs<br>
|
||
|
|
Mike M ¼ hrs - Stopped to graze !<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
31/8/87 Keith, Ian
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Prospecting area around survey point 0/5 (Austrian). Two caves were found.
|
||
|
|
The cave just above 0/5 survey point, about 20 foot. The other about 100m
|
||
|
|
away slightly up the hill to the left.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>157 near survey point.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>50 metre shaft with ice plug with way on down between ice and rock. Shaft
|
||
|
|
still going at -50 metres but got too dangerous due to size of slot and
|
||
|
|
loose snow. Bottom could not be seen.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>On way out, spotted passage off halfway out, rift like. Went along this to
|
||
|
|
head of pitch of unknown depth. Bolts were spotted and expected to be from
|
||
|
|
Manchester Caving Club. So exit was made.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Keith. Time underground ½ hour.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>The other cave had a passage going into the side of the hill. To our left
|
||
|
|
the passage went a short way then a shaft (daylight) was seen, the passage
|
||
|
|
continued but not explored. Straight ahead the passage went about 50 foot to
|
||
|
|
a 30 foot pitch. This was bolted and descended into a large chamber. To the
|
||
|
|
left was another pitch about 30 foot deep, undescended. To the rifht was a
|
||
|
|
rift, further to the right was another rift with an ice-covered stone floor.
|
||
|
|
There was also another passage next to this which is passed just before you
|
||
|
|
get to the entrance passage - this also looked like it continued. A number
|
||
|
|
was not allocated due to the fact that a car inner tube was found just
|
||
|
|
outside the entrance containing a large quantity of carbide. This is
|
||
|
|
presumed to be from the Manchester University Caving Club. [This is
|
||
|
|
believed to be completely disinformational, Ed.]
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Ian. Time underground ½ hour.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
31/8/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>153 Chris, Becka, Jared<br>
|
||
|
|
(Juliette was there by 'voice connection')
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Had found entrance previous day while looking for another cave. Donned
|
||
|
|
oversuit over shorts and free climbed entrance shaft. Found amzingly small
|
||
|
|
'letter-box' slit and squeezed through to find pitch which seemed at least
|
||
|
|
15m, placed bolt and handed over to Chris and Becka who had changed into
|
||
|
|
full gear.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Chris descended into unknown - a rift around 6 ft wide or less, went down
|
||
|
|
60 ft vertically with a break half-way down and ended up on floor where it
|
||
|
|
went on, drafting slightly. Becka came down while I (Chris) plucked up
|
||
|
|
courage for the squeeze - I knocked off some chips and went over boulder down
|
||
|
|
squeeze. It went down another 30 feet and then ended in another squeeze
|
||
|
|
(section Y-Y). Jared and Becka stayed at top squeeze while I rigged bottom
|
||
|
|
squeeze (8 inches wide) and went down it with a little trepidation (my helmet
|
||
|
|
would not fit down it). Becka (& Juliette and Andy at the top) were
|
||
|
|
wingeing and left Jared and me down the cave. Beyond the second squeeze did
|
||
|
|
not go (rather it did, but too narrow, 4 inches wide or so downwards). So
|
||
|
|
tried prussicking up squeeze - got chest through & then MR and chest
|
||
|
|
jammer stuck in rock. Descended with difficulty and tried alternative routes
|
||
|
|
to no avail. So Jared heroically came through top squeezes to come to Chris's
|
||
|
|
help. Chris had taken off his SRT gear (modern-fangled stuff) & Jared,
|
||
|
|
after trying to move a rock, eventually put down his hand & hauled Chris
|
||
|
|
out of the squeeze like a champagne cork (though not so bubbly). Then Jared,
|
||
|
|
having performed his rescue mission, left first - he had some difficulty with
|
||
|
|
the rock at the top squeeze so shoved it out of the way and got through OK.
|
||
|
|
Chris followed and derigged on the way out, having been stuck down beyond the
|
||
|
|
end squeeze for about an hour. Got out of cave about 3 hours after we'd said
|
||
|
|
½ an hour more, & left back for car-park, expecting either to have
|
||
|
|
set off a rescue, or a bout of drinking down the bar. Got back to
|
||
|
|
Bergrestaurant (only got lost a few times) & found one car waiting for us
|
||
|
|
- full rescue gear ready, & the Rover halfway down run out of petrol. So
|
||
|
|
got back in end with only some wounded pride and dented enthusiasm for
|
||
|
|
caving !
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Chris. T/U Becka 3 hrs, Jared and Chris 6 hrs.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1/9/87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>87 Mike the Animal and Juliette
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Return match with the very cold cave to find MM's legendary passage.
|
||
|
|
Juliette played around rigging - very exciting. Then the fun started. We
|
||
|
|
found a possible passage which we decided looked FAR too nasty - very
|
||
|
|
exposed 60 ft drop. "Can't be that" it was decided. Tried
|
||
|
|
everything else and decided MM was out of his tree. So discretion being the
|
||
|
|
better part of valour, we retreated, dropping a hanger and MR down 3rd
|
||
|
|
pitch. Left it rigged for some other poor suckers.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U 4<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
31/8/87 Surface surveying
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Mike R, Jenny, Mike M
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>144 to Larchenhöhle (88) - Problems with condensation on the clino
|
||
|
|
severely delayed progress. Having successfully completed above, then
|
||
|
|
surveyed from 113 (p0) to 88, then back for other things !!!
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Time on surface 9 hours.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1.9.87 Surface surveying.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Jenny, Keith, Mike M (+ occasional assistance by Ian) Survey from 152 to
|
||
|
|
113 route ( MM - point - station 4 on previous survey)) completing loop and
|
||
|
|
enabling errors to be assessed on return to UK.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Met French who said that they hve connected 88 to SWEishöhle. so they
|
||
|
|
now have the highest entrance 1705 (but have found others) and the combined
|
||
|
|
system now has 11 entrances !!<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2.9.87 Mike M, Keith, Becka 87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Yet another attack on 87. In about 11, quite rapidly down to 2nd pitch.
|
||
|
|
Keith life-lined Mike over traverse to passage to left. (over 60 ft or so
|
||
|
|
drop). Mike then put bolt in, Keith and Becka crossed. Pleasant sandy crawl
|
||
|
|
over some holes, eventually to biggish rift, with 30 ft climb. Mike
|
||
|
|
freeclimbed (up OK, but getting back down decidedly for headcases only) then
|
||
|
|
put bolt in for a ladder, for we lesser mortals. Continued up. Another
|
||
|
|
thrutching scramble later, Mike and Keith both getting shoulders to stand
|
||
|
|
on, Muggins had a merry time trying to get up. On, until came to a <u>big</u>
|
||
|
|
aven, ~30m up, us at the bottom. Mild expletives - would have to bolt it all
|
||
|
|
to get up. Couple of small passages off, one passage right at top, from
|
||
|
|
which small stream came out, but too high up. Surveyed it going back, not
|
||
|
|
<u>too</u> cold. Becka prussicked out first, and coming up first pitch as
|
||
|
|
Animal, Ian and Juliette were about to start descending to see what we were
|
||
|
|
up to. Left first 2 pitches tackled.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U 7 hours.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2-9-87 Jared, Jenny, Chris (+ Andy as 'supervisor' and head sherpa)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Hole 154
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>By the time everyone was up, food bought, & the injured were tended,
|
||
|
|
it was raining. With great reluctance, people were persuaded to go down holes
|
||
|
|
rather than the bar at the first lull in the rainstorm. Andy led us to the
|
||
|
|
cave which we descended at 4pm. Jared went down pitch first, trying not to
|
||
|
|
dislodge the pecarious boulders (especially the one providing the backup
|
||
|
|
belay). Pitch only 15 ft - rift led off but not far before it choked, blocked
|
||
|
|
off according to Jared. Jenny found a drafting slot which she dug out, until
|
||
|
|
rocks started falling on her head. Probably carries on, but too suicidal.
|
||
|
|
Chris found a 1985 vintage Mars Bar wrapper under a rock. Detackled, got a
|
||
|
|
little lost on the way back, & got to the Loser Hut to meet the others,
|
||
|
|
about to start rescuing us (again) at 9. Bar closed, so everyine scoffed
|
||
|
|
Chris' gluhwein in the tent instead, just to annoy the German couple in the
|
||
|
|
caravan next door.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Chris. T/U 2 hrs.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3/9/87 - Keith + Ian decided to go to the toboggan run at Strobl and
|
||
|
|
everyone else decided to join them and jack. Time underground relative to
|
||
|
|
speed through 5 ft tunnel.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4/9/87.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Keith, Ian, Jenny, Jared, Mike M
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Went in search of new holes ! Up to col then across pavement to obvious
|
||
|
|
hole in distance - veering left. Found lots of holes but nothing of note.
|
||
|
|
Hacked across to 76 and then up to holes previously located by the Millars.
|
||
|
|
Jared descended, but all choked. Finally went in search for 148 again + found
|
||
|
|
it half buried behind a pile of snow. The route is now prominently marked
|
||
|
|
with cairns.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
4-Sept-87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Becka, Juliette, Chris, Mike R
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Carried on poking around on the ridge above the Nipple. Mike found his
|
||
|
|
massively developed chest was a bit big for the rift in the cave which was
|
||
|
|
formerly thought to be 153 so thin-man Chris was sent in and reported a 5m
|
||
|
|
pitch.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Juliette found 140 again and a huge well-hidden entrance (thoughts of
|
||
|
|
fame) but it turned out to be 138. Chris and Becka went down a hole Mike
|
||
|
|
found...
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Twas a snow slope going down a rift at around 60°-70°. Chris
|
||
|
|
went down first & traversed across, about 30m down, to look at a pitch
|
||
|
|
(nearly filled with ice). Then carried on 10m down to bottom of snow slope,
|
||
|
|
where the rift was - yes, you've guessed it - boulder choked. Becka came down
|
||
|
|
& tried pulling rocks out since rift did carry on, but one rock was
|
||
|
|
jammed making it to tight, & there was no sign of a draught. Becka fouhgt
|
||
|
|
her way up the snow slope first, while Chris had a poke at the pitch at the
|
||
|
|
30m level. He descended 10 ft down the 30ft hole beside the vertical
|
||
|
|
ice/snow, but the rope was slicing like a cheesewire through a large chunk
|
||
|
|
above him, & the pitch appeared choked at the bottom, so he prussicked
|
||
|
|
out before the half-ton of snow could fall on him.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U about 2 hrs (Becka & Chris)<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
5th Sep 87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Chris, Juliette, Mike R !
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Back at Chris's hole - it goes: pushed on down 12m climb to pitches of
|
||
|
|
~15m and ~20m followed by as yet undescended pitch of about 20m. Got sodden
|
||
|
|
with sweat on the way up, and caught by thunderstorm on the way back.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>"Descend entrance rift for about 5m at 45° to cross-rift. Right
|
||
|
|
blocks after about 2m. Left descends for further 2m. Enter squeeze on right,
|
||
|
|
about 2m long to 12m free climb down steep tube. At the bottom, from a small
|
||
|
|
chamber, way on is left to pitch of 15m to large ledge, then 20m to jammed
|
||
|
|
boulders in shaft."
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U 3 hrs<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Andrew - Marilyn Munroe Hole - 148
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>"On the plateau discovered by its draught, but not really
|
||
|
|
pushed", the guidebook says. and then the hole was lost for two years,
|
||
|
|
redicovered yesterday by MM etc... Awkward crawl over boulders 5m to a
|
||
|
|
freeclimbable little pitch after a boulder squeeze. Reaches a phreatic tube:
|
||
|
|
right silts up in boulders; left goes slowly along + down over snow & big
|
||
|
|
big rocks to reach a huge chamber (is it perhaps 82 ?) + pitch of, say, 20m.
|
||
|
|
Down through the boulders for 10ft to reach lower in the pitch, very loose
|
||
|
|
boulder slope with worrying angles toward the drop... Along that for another
|
||
|
|
drop, 10ft pitch to a rift with pitch on left. Right the roof comes down, big
|
||
|
|
boulders, a little ice chamber with frozen streamway. A squeezish down to a
|
||
|
|
narrow rift of 5m (?) down to what looks like an earthy passage - perhaps a
|
||
|
|
bypass for the big pitch, perhaps another bit... Looks interesting, this
|
||
|
|
draughting entrance and chambers...
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U 2 hrs<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Becka - Big shaft ~300m from Marilyn Munroe Hole.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Jared put bolt in, backup bolt from 2nd nearby shaft that MM etc. put in
|
||
|
|
yesterday. Down, say 30m, to ledge, down another say 15m. Rather blocked
|
||
|
|
here, draughting a little. Hole, which I excavated rather a lot, looked
|
||
|
|
<u>maybe</u> squeezable. Stuck a bolt in (v. badly, lovely 3mm sticking out,
|
||
|
|
despite taking <u>hours</u> over it) not time to really squeeze through (only
|
||
|
|
one tight bit to get through). Looked like there was another 15 or 20m to
|
||
|
|
bottom of pitch, q-few boulders at bottom. V. possibly blocked but worth
|
||
|
|
looking at, still rigged. T/U 2½ hrs
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Also, I got struck by lightning on the way down in a huge thunderstorm.
|
||
|
|
<u>Not</u> nice, went purple.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6th Sep 87
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Chris, Becka, Mike R - 158 continued
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>It was going to be Chris, Juliette, Mike R, but ¾ the way up the
|
||
|
|
Panoramastrasse, Juliette realised that she had left her rucksack so that
|
||
|
|
was that. Zipped down the two pitches rigged yesterday and bolted the next
|
||
|
|
20m pitch which landed on a huge boulder in a rather large chamber. Way on
|
||
|
|
appeared to be down a narrow rift which had Chris worried but then Becka
|
||
|
|
found a climb down into a lower part of the chamber. This was descended with
|
||
|
|
a ladder. Then rigged another rift pitch which Becka and Mike descended but
|
||
|
|
became too tight with water going down narrow slot. However, found an
|
||
|
|
alternative way over a climb: bolted and half-descended to ledge with view
|
||
|
|
into large wet canyon.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Main chmaber slopes up for ~25m over loose choss.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U 7 hrs.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
6th Sept 87 Andy, Jared. 148 Marilyn Munroe Hole
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Andy arrived at entrance to find his light had failed due to being left on
|
||
|
|
pilot all night. Quickly reached the boulder slope which Andy had rigged
|
||
|
|
yesterday considering we were carrying so much. Andy placed bolt at head of
|
||
|
|
15m pitch while Jared explored upper level - finding second pitch which was
|
||
|
|
later found to connect with bottom of first lot of ice caves. Low crawl half
|
||
|
|
filled with icy water was not explored.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>14m rope was just long enough for the pitch, hanging 1 ft from the ground.
|
||
|
|
Landed on the floor of a truly magnificent chamber - 20m high, with 3 ways
|
||
|
|
leading off. Facing away from pitch, Andy explored righthand rift. This led
|
||
|
|
to a wonderful flat-out crawl which seemed to be hewn from pure ice rather
|
||
|
|
than rock and decorated with unbelievable ice curtains & stals. Emerging
|
||
|
|
from this, he was confronted by the Ice Castle - a stalagmite ice formation.
|
||
|
|
Then he returned to the main chamber - the way on straightforwards was a 3m
|
||
|
|
climb which was rigged with braidline - Jared descended, followed a huge
|
||
|
|
phreatic passage around a 90° bend and was confronted with a solid wall
|
||
|
|
of boulders. Attempting to enter a hole in the boulder wall, his hand was
|
||
|
|
struck by a large boulder which unexpectedly tried to roll - yet another
|
||
|
|
warning to those who boldly go etc. Having temporarily lost his bottle, he
|
||
|
|
returned to the main chamber. Both then tried way on number 3 - this went
|
||
|
|
steeply upwards and became tight - Andy ascended past a large loose boulder
|
||
|
|
& thought it would be safer to try to push it down. It wedged in the
|
||
|
|
rift though, making his return difficult. Further progress was halted by a
|
||
|
|
steep ice climb.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Both returned to way on no. 1 and pushed it to its limit - this turned out
|
||
|
|
to be only a few metres past the Ice Castle. Then both tried no. 2 again -
|
||
|
|
Andy ascended the phreatic ptube over the boulders only to find the way
|
||
|
|
blocked.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>After discussing the possibility of an after life, Jared reentered the
|
||
|
|
boulder-choke only to find the way on too tight - however the passage was
|
||
|
|
still drafting and a large chamber was visible through a small hole. With
|
||
|
|
this, both retreated, leaving behind them a packet of crushed Digbics &
|
||
|
|
two tins of Mackerel fillets, some soup, a stove, & a badly dented
|
||
|
|
saucepan for the survey trip.<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
7th Sept 87 Andrew, Jared (surveying) 158<br>
|
||
|
|
Animal, Juliette, Chris, Becka (pushing)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>All of us in around 2pm. Andrew and Jared as far as bottom of ladder climb
|
||
|
|
below Big Bertha, then surveyed back up to surface, getting very cold. Rest
|
||
|
|
of us started bolted down ledges. Many rebelays later, got to the bttom of a
|
||
|
|
big chamber (or continuation of other chamber) with a boulder-choked floor.
|
||
|
|
Mike had a good nose round, could find no snesible way on, though seems to
|
||
|
|
continue further down, and drafts (q.strongly in places) through boulder
|
||
|
|
chokes - could chuck stones down, but too tight and all v. loose. Chris
|
||
|
|
& Becka descended the final small (~4m) pitch to small pool of water.
|
||
|
|
Looked blind, but _thin_ rift off to right. Hammered it a bit. Becka down
|
||
|
|
(without SRT gear, not too bright) then Chris down (MR jammed, so with SRT,
|
||
|
|
awkward). Rift along ~3m, then Chris abseiled down to small chamber (Becka
|
||
|
|
as a pained belay point !). Rift continued, xxxx width, but did an S-bend in
|
||
|
|
~3ft, so not physically possible. Also, a diddy hole off, looked like it
|
||
|
|
widened later, but would need blasting - ie. a dead end. Out, getting cold
|
||
|
|
and wet. Soup on way out. Tired trog back
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U Andrew, Jared 8 hrs<br>
|
||
|
|
Rest 10 hrs<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
9th Sep 87 Jared, Juliette, Chris, Mike R
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Finished surveying and detackled 158. Need we say more ? T/U 8½
|
||
|
|
except Chris 7½<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
10th Sep 87 Juliette, Chris, Jared
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Jared detackled a hole while Juliette and Chris detackled and surveyed
|
||
|
|
(with a naff compass) Marilyn Munroe Hole. Chris took some pictures of ice,
|
||
|
|
then Juliette found an ancient horde of food, but there was no time to (h)eat
|
||
|
|
it. Jared appeared to lug the tackle out.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>T/U Juliette & Chris 5½ hrs<br>
|
||
|
|
Jared 2 hrs
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>* Chris<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
11th Sep Down to the dregs of the expedition - Jared, Animal, Chris.<br>
|
||
|
|
Hilda invited us to the celebrations of the local potato club - a few merry
|
||
|
|
hours of yodelaaaiiooiiii - hic<hr>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
12th Sep '87 Detackled campsite and dug the beer-bottle tops out of the mud.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>mileage for Rover: Austria 74675, Cam 75615
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>* Animal wants to say he walked to Nipple and back with gear, went to 87
|
||
|
|
to detackle and back, then to Marilyn & back with more gear. Wow, what a
|
||
|
|
hero ! T/U ½ hour
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>The weather started to deteriorate so we made for home.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>I now look like a bloody zebra crossing. Burnt leg above and below knee
|
||
|
|
bandage - burn hands, arms, neck and face !
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Several beers were consumed and the following items of note were made:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>1) Someone in the Austrian club is aquiring our journals before they reach
|
||
|
|
the appropriate person. In future copies should be sent to either:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Sepp Steinberger or Alfred Auer
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>at their Club: Verein für Höhlenkunde in Obersteier,<br>
|
||
|
|
Postfach 39,<br>
|
||
|
|
A-8983 Bad Mitterndorf.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>They want copies of 1985 CU (send 3)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>They want copies of Andy Waddington's catalogue (send 3)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Also send 1 copy of above to
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>Günther Stummer,<br>
|
||
|
|
Institut für Höhlenkunde,<br>
|
||
|
|
Messeplatz 1, Stiege 10/1,<br>
|
||
|
|
A-1070 WIEN
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>It is important that Günther gets copies of everything <u>as soon</u>
|
||
|
|
as it is published.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>They want the bones (skull + jaws + teeth only) found in 109, Sepp will
|
||
|
|
call back to collect.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
<p>88 will have to be renumbered 87A and 87 to 87B
|
||
|
|
<hr>
|
||
|
|
<!-- LINKS -->
|
||
|
|
<img alt=">" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
|
||
|
|
1987 Expedition info:<br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt="--->" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
|
||
|
|
Cambridge Underground Expo Report:<br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt="------>" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="report.htm">Expedition description</a><br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt="------>" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="158gd.htm">Donner-und-Blitzen Höhle</a>, Mike Richardson<br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt="------>" src="../../../icons/lists/2.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="ent113.htm">Entrance 113</a>, Mike Richardson<br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt="--->" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="geolog.htm">Geology of the Totengebirge</a>, Jared West<br>
|
||
|
|
<!-- <img alt="--->" src="../../../icons/lists/1.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="bcracc.htm">BCRA Caves & Caving Report</a><br> -->
|
||
|
|
<img alt=">" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../pubs.htm#1987">Index</a> to all publications<br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt=">" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../index.htm">Back to Expeditions intro page</a><br>
|
||
|
|
<img alt=">" src="../../../icons/lists/0.gif">
|
||
|
|
<a href="../../../index.htm">CUCC Home Page</a>
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
</body>
|
||
|
|
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|