# CUCC Austria Cave Surveying Guide

## CUCC Expedition Handbook: Surveying
At Base Camp

The original notes and sketches should be filed in a clearly marked envelope - don't take them out until you are ready to draw up, and put them away again as soon as you have finished. They may never be referred to again, but ultimately they are the most valuable record of your survey and are kept for reference if there is ever a problem.

Take the printed centre lines and redraw the survey round it, working from the original sketches as if this was to be the final published survey. You can "invent" details like boulders in boulder-strewn passage, but otherwise, draw only what was recorded faithfully in the cave. If this makes your drawing look bad - record more next time ! If things really are unclear, consider taking a copy of this drawing back into the cave to clarify it.

Make sure the drawing clearly shows the point of connection to previous surveys (look at the relevant drawing in the old survey book to ensure the sketches match and you really have connected where you think). Make sure you note which Question Mark was addressed by this survey and show the location of any new question marks, with an estimate of quality and any difficulties which will be encountered (eg. if it is a climb, are bolts going to be needed ? If a dig, is it a few loose boulders or a crawl over mud ?)

CUCC use a set of symbols pretty close to the standard ones promulgated by the BCRA, with occasional differences - such as large-enough boulders which are sketched to scale using the US symbol. The current state of standardisation for cave survey symbols (a useful guide to what we should be using where possible) has been documented by Häuselmann, Weidmann and Ruder (1996), but this is up for discussion in 1997. An alternative set of standards can be seen from the Australian Speleological Federation here.

Make sure that you draw both plan and elevation (the latter should be an extended section, rather than a projected elevation) for horizontal passage. For pitches, several plans at different levels may be easiest (rather like the cross sections at each survey station used in horizontal passage). Also projected elevations may be useful in addition to the extended section.

Write a passage description. This should be detailed enough to be followed by someone in the cave who hasn't been there before, and should include all passage names, lengths of pitches and climbs, compass directions when this makes left/right/ahead clearer. If your passage is a connection it is worth while writing descriptions from both directions. It will be regarded as helpful if you actually type this description into a computer rather than writing in the survey book - but make sure it can be found again! In written descriptions, underline passage names the first time they are mentioned, or when they are "defined".

Complementing the passage description in vertical bits is a Rigging Guide. This is usually easiest to do as a sketch, but include notes to ensure that all bolts can be found again, and all natural belays recognised. Ideally, the knots should be left in ropes removed at derigging, so they can be measured for the rigging guide. Remember to do this before undoing the knots for rope-washing. Although a good survey and details of the belays can be used to estimate the length of rope needed, this is no substitute for measuring how much rope it actually took to rig !

If you did all that properly, there should be very little left to do in the UK, unless you have volunteered to help with drawing up the final survey. However, it is as well to check that you have done all you can before BCRA conference, by reading the Back in the UK page.

Further Reading: Survey Draughtsmanship (CU 1985)
Expedition Handbook:
Surveying:
Back to overview and index of topics
What is a cave survey ?
Why am I doing this ?
Methods: underground
Pitfalls to avoid, hints'n'tips to make life easier
Methods: surface
Getting a GPS fix
Base Camp: getting it in to the computer
Back in the UK
Expo Handbook Introduction
Prospecting guide
Rescue guide
Rigging guide
Photography guide
Index to info/topics pages
Full Index to area 1623
Area/subarea descriptions
Back to Expedition Intro page
Back to CUCC Home page